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festations of the disease observed. At this stage the leaves 

 assume a yellowish, sickly appearance, and the canes make but 

 little growth. The vine usually dies the third year, when cir- 

 cumstances are favorable for the multiplication of the insect. 

 The lice desert the plants before they are dead, and of course 

 are not found on examination of the roots. 



" The phylloxera spreads from one county and from one sec- 

 tion of the same county to another, by the sale and transmission 

 of vines from infected districts, and great care should be taken 

 in the purchase of vineyard stock on this account. At particu- 

 lar stages of their development the winged insects are able to 

 fly to considerable distances, and undoubtedly spread in this way 

 from vine to vine and from vineyard to vineyard, but proper 

 precautions will do much to retard their progress. 



'As in case of mildew and rot, some varieties are peculiarly 

 susceptible to the attacks. The slow-growing and tender varie- 

 ties are more likely to suffer than those that are hardy and vig- 

 orous. The Southern Fox-grape ( Vitis vulpina) is said to be 

 entirely free from attacks in any form, and many of our North- 

 ern varieties are but little affected. For this reason thousands 

 of vines and cuttings have been exported, to be used as stocks 

 on which to graft foreign kinds that are more susceptible. 

 Roots of our native vines otherwise worthless become valuable 

 for the purpose here indicated. 



"There has yet been discovered but one remedy for this 

 insect drowning out by irrigation." 



The steel-blue beetle ( Haltica chalybea) causes some damage 

 by eating the buds just as they are swelling, making a hole in 

 the bud so that it does not develop. The insect lays an egg on 

 each leaf, and that produces a slug which feeds upon the foli- 

 age. Examine your vines when the buds are swelling, and 

 warn them off. They are not very numerous, and can be 

 quickly seen and destroyed. 



Then we have the leaf-roller, a few of which turn up every 

 year. They roll themselves up in the small, tender leaves at 

 the end of the growing shoots. Finch off the end of the shoots 

 containing the small caterpillar, about half an inch long, and 

 rub it beneath your foot. 



The rose-chafer, or rose-bug (Melolontha sub-spinosa), has 



