112 SPORT IN NORTH AMERICA. 



on the Newfoundland banks before the voyages of 

 Corte Royal or Gomez. In the archives of Simancas 

 are papers of the Queen Juana, among which is a 

 licence from the king her father to Ivan Ayamonte, 

 a Catalan by birth, authorising him to go and make 

 researches on the shores of Newfoundland [para ira 

 saber el secreto de la Tierra Neuva). 



The English (who help themselves to whatever 



morning- 



s' 



they can get) suddenly laid claim, one fine 

 to the territorial jurisdiction of the entire island. 

 A great many attempts at colonisation took place in 

 consequence, and the first Avhich succeeded took 

 place in 1623, and was headed by Sir George Calvert, 

 who became grantee of the province of Maryland. 

 In 1633, an Irish colony arrived in Newfoundland, 

 and was followed in 1654 by English emigrants. 

 At the same time, the French, who had founded a 

 colony at Placentia, claimed Newfoundland as part 

 of New France, and persisted bravely in continuing 

 the fishing. 



In the tAvo great wars which England waged 

 against France, and which terminated by the Peace 

 of Utrecht, the principal difficulties concerning 

 America were Hudson's Bay, Newfoundland, and 

 the district called Acadia by the French, and New 

 Scotland by the English. It is not so much the 

 present value of these colonies which makes them so 

 much sought after, as the possible value of the 

 fisheries and the trade in fur. The dispute ended in 



