BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY 



683 



District Court of New York in 1913, and this decision confirmed by the United 

 States Circuit Court of Appeals of New York in 1914. (See in the Bibliog- 

 raphy). 



Muybridge's first pictures were made by the wet collodion process, but his 

 Philadelphia work was done with the new, rapid gelatino-bromide plates. He 

 used many cameras, sometimes 24 in a row to get different phases of a motion, 

 and sometimes the cameras were arranged in groups to get the movement 

 simultaneously from different points of view. 



In 1 88 r he gave demonstrations of his pictures in Europe, and projected 

 the synthesis on the screen with the lantern, the first demonstrations being in 

 the physiological lecture room of Marey, the French master of investigating 



FIG. 410. THE MOVING PICTURE PROJECTOR or UCHATIUS. 



(From the Sitz. Berichte d. k. Akad. Wiss., z. Wien. Math. Nafur. CL, Vol. X, 



1853) 



This shows some of the pictures with the individual objectives directed to 

 the same point. The lime light and condenser and the crank for moving them 

 from picture to picture are also shown. 



animal movement by the graphic method. From that time on Marey took 

 hold of the photographic method for the analysis and synthesis of animal 

 motion with the greatest enthusiasm. Instead of the batten' of cameras used 

 by Muybridge, he adopted the system of the French astronomer, Janssen, 

 using a single camera and objective, but taking many pictures on a single plate. 

 In 1887, he used the roller films on paper, and immediately that they were 

 available, the celluloid films devised by Goodwin. In this way pictures could 

 be made in a long series. Not only did Marey use the ribbon films but he 

 devised a special camera for doing so, and a projector for showing the ribbon 

 pictures on the screen. 



