26 ANGIOSPERMAEDICOTYLEDONES 



in large numbers (H. M.) ; 95. Crabro alatus Pz. $ and J, very common (H. M.) 

 96. C. patellatus Pz. 5, not infrequent (H. M.); 97. C. pterotus Pz. $ and J 

 do. (H. M.); 98. C. vexillatus Pz. $ (Budd.); 99. Lindenius albilabris F. (H. M.) 

 100. Mellinus sabulosus F., in large numbers (H. M.); loi. Miscus campestris Ltr 

 5 (H. M.); 102. Oxybelus bellicosus 01. (H. M.); 103. O. mandibularis Dahib 

 (H. M.); 104. O. uniglumis Z., freq. (H. M.); 105. Philanthus triangulum F. 

 (H. M.); 106. Pompilus rufipes L. S (H. M.); 107. P. viaticus L. S (H. M.) 

 108. Psammophila affinis K. J and j, very numerous (H. M.) ; 109. Tachytes 

 pectinipes Z. (H. M.). D. Lepidoptera. [a) Rhopalocera : all skg. : iio.Coeno- 

 nympha pamphilus Z. (H. M.) ; iii. Epinephele janira Z., freq. (H. M.); 112. 

 Hesperia thaumas Hfn. (H. M.); 113. Lycaena aegon W. V. J (H. M.); 114. Pieris 

 napi Z. (H. M.) ; 115. Polyommatus dorilis Hfn., repeatedly (H. M.) ; 116. P. 

 phlaeas Z., freq. (H. M.). (h) Sphtngtdae: 117. Ino statices Z., skg. (H. M.); 

 118. Zygaena lonicerae Fsp., do. (H. M.). 



Herm. Muller adds the following remarks to his list ('Fertilisation,' p. 373). 

 'Jastone viontana stands in the front rank of our native plants in regard to the number 

 and variety of its insect-visitors ; it is only matched by some Umbelliferae and 

 Compositae, which share with it the advantages of fully-exposed honey, and the 

 union of numerous flowers with freely-projecting reproductive stigmas and anthers 

 in a conspicuous inflorescence. In all such plants cross-fertilization is completely 

 ensured, and accordingly the possibility of self-fertilization has been lost.' 



The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated. 



Friese (Mecklenburg), the primitive bee Prosopis dilatata K., occasional; (Baden), 

 the parasitic bee Nomada obtusifrons Nyl. J. Sickmann (Osnabriick), 3 Sphegids 

 I. Crabro subterraneus F., fairly freq.; 2. Oxybelus bipunctatus Oliv., occasional; 

 3. Salius minutus v. d. L. Gerstacker (Berlin), the leaf-cutting bee Megachile 

 argentata F., together with its parasite the small bee Coelioxys brevis Ev. ( = C. 

 erythropyga Foersi.). Schmiedeknecht (Thuringia), the parasitic bee Nomada similis 

 Mor. 5. Krieger (Leipzig), the fossorial wasp Cerceris labiata F. Schenck (Nassau), 

 the delicate bee Halictus (Nomioides) pulchellus Schenck. Kohl (Tyrol), the fossorial 

 wasp Crabro peltarius Schr. 5 and $. MacLeod (Flanders), Apis, 3 hover-flies, and 

 a Muscid (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, vi, 1894, p. 374) ; and also 2 humble-bees, 

 8 other Hymenoptera, 8 hover-flies, 4 other Diptera, a beetle, and 7 Lepidoptera 

 (op. cit., V, 1893, pp. 438-9); (Pyrenees), a species of Halictus, a Lepidopterid, 

 a beetle, and a hover-fly (op. cit., iii, 1891, p. 370). H. de Vries (Netherlands), 

 2 humble-bees Bombus pratorum Z. i, and B. terrester Z. 5 (Ned. Kruidk. Arch., 

 Nijmegen, 2. Ser., 2. Deel, 1875). E. D. Marquard (Cornwall), 2 bees Andrena 

 nigriceps K., and Nomada obtusifrons Nyl. Willis (neighbourhood of the south 

 coast of Scotland), the butterfly Pieris napi Z., skg. (' Fls. and Insects in Gt. Britain,' 

 Part I). Scott-Elliot (Dumfriesshire), a humble-bee, a short-tongued bee, 2 Muscids, 

 and 3 hover-flies ('Flora of Dumfriesshire,' p. 109). 



1750- J. perennis Lam. (Kirchner, Jahreshefte Ver. Natk., Stuttgart, 

 p. 227; MacLeod, ' Pyreneenbl.,' p. 370.) Kirchner investigated this species in the 

 Hohenheim Botanic Garden, and describes its mechanism as very similar to that of 

 J. montana, though the bright-blue heads are much larger, being about 30 mm. in 

 diameter. When the flower opens, the end of the style, laden with the reddish 

 pollen, projects as a club-shaped swelling, much as in J. montana. The style itself 

 may be of the same length as the erect corolla-lobes, or rather shorter. The latter 

 diverge somewhat irregularly from one another, so that the shrivelled whitish anthers 

 can be seen in the base of the flower. The blue style, at first about 6 mm. long, 



