' 



28 ANGIOSPERMAEDICOTYLEDONES 



diverging processes stretching as far as the corolla. When the proboscis of a bee is 

 inserted into the bell it strikes against one of these processes, causing the dry powdery 

 pollen to fall out of the opening of the corolla on to the visitor's head. Should 

 insect-visits fail, the pollen ultimately falls of its own accord on the edge of the 

 stigma, effecting automatic self-pollination. 



Visitors. Herm. Miiller saw the following bees in Westphalia. 

 I. Andrena nigroaenea K. t> (proboscis 3^ mm. long), vainly trying to suck; 

 2. Apis mellifica Z. 5, very freq., skg. ; 3. Bombus agrorum F. 5, freq., skg., 

 persistently visiting and holding on to the under-sides of the bells ; 4. B. lapidarius L. 



5, do., but not so freq. ; 5. B. scrimshiranus K. $, do. ; 6. B. terrester Z. 5, do. 



Alfken and Hoppner (H.) observed the following at Bremen. 



A. Diptera. {a) Asilidae: i. Laphria flava Z. 5, skg. (H.). (3) Conopidae\ 



2. Conops vesicularis Z. 5 and J, freq., skg. (H.); 3. Physocephala nigra Deg. J, skg. 

 (H.); 4. P. rufipes Z'. (c) Syrphidae: S-EristalisalpinusPz. 5, skg.(H.). {d) Musctdae: 



6. Sarcophaga carnaria Z. B. Hymenoptera. Apidae: 7. Andrena albicans iI/7/. 

 $ (H.) ; 8. A. convexiuscula K.t)-, 9. A. gwynana K. $; 10. A. lapponica Zett. $ skg. 

 and po-cltg. S skg.; 11. A. nigroaenea K. (H.); 12. A. parvula .^. $; 13. A. varians 

 K. $ and J ; 14. Apis mellifica Z. 5 ; i5- Bombus agrorum F. j and J ; 16. B. der- 

 hamellus K. 9 and S ; 17. B. hortorum Z. $ ; 18. B. jonellus K. 5 very common, skg. 

 and po-cltg. 5 ; 1 9. B. lapidarius Z. 5 and 5 ; 20. B. muscorum F.<^', 2 1 . B. pratorum 

 Z. 5 and 5, skg. ; 22. B. proleus Gerst. 5 ; 23. B. terrester Z. 5 and 5, skg. and po- 

 cltg. ; 24. Halictus calceatus Scop. 5; 25. H. flavipes F. 5 (H.); 26. Nomada bifida 

 Ths. 5; 27. N. borealis Zeti. 5 (H.), skg.; 28. N. lineola Pz. (H.), skg.; 29. N. 

 ruficornis Z. (=N. flava Pz. 5) ; 30. N. succincta Pz. 5 (H.), skg. ; 31. Osmia rufa Z. ; 

 32.0. uncinata Gerst. $, skg. ; 33. Psithyrus campestris Pz. 5, skg. ; 34. P. vestalis 

 Fourcr. 5, skg. 



The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated. 

 Knuth (Sachsenwalde), the honey-bee, and 3 humble-bees i. Bombus agrorum 

 Z'. $; 2. B. lapidarius Z.J ; 3. B. terrester Z. $, freq., skg. Loew (Silesia) (' Beitrage,' 

 P- 54)> 3 bees i. Bombus latreillellus K. S, skg. ; 2. B. pratorum Z. ^i skg. ; 3. B. 

 variabilis Schmiedekn. l^, skg. Schmiedeknecht (Thuringia), 4 bees i. Andrena 

 lapponica ZeU.\ 2. Bombus jonellus K. 5; 3. B. mastrucatus Gerst. 5; 4. Osmia 

 corticalis Gerst. Rossler (Wiesbaden), the Geometrid moth Halia brunneata Thunbg. 

 Friese in Alsace (A.), Baden (B.), and Thuringia (T.), 4 bees i. Andrena lapponica 

 Zett. not infreq. (B.) ; 2. Bombus mastrucatus Gerst, 5 occasional (B.), 5 do. (A.); 



3. Osmia corticalis Gerst. {^.^\ 4. O.vulpecula Gerst.{T.). Frey-Gessner (Switzerland), 

 the bee Osmia nigriventris Zett. (=0. corticalis Gerst.). Schletterer and von Dalla 

 Torre (Tyrol), and Hoffer (Steiermark), the humble-bee Bombus mastrucatus Gerst. 

 Morawitz (St. Petersburg), the bee Andrena fucata Sm. McLeod (Flanders), the humble- 

 bee Bombus agrorum F. $ (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, v, 1893, p. 448) ; (Pyrenees), 

 3 humble-bees (op. cit., iii, 1891, p. 374). WiUis and Burkill (Central Wales), 

 2 humble-bees Bombus agrorum F., freq., skg., and B. terrester Z., do. (' Fls. and 

 Insects in Gt. Britain,' Part I). Scott-Elliot (Dumfriesshire), 2 humble-bees (' Flora 

 of Dumfriesshire,' p. no). Schneider (Arctic Norway), 3 humble-bees i. Bombus 

 lapponicus F.; 2. B. pratorum Z. ; 3. B. scrimshiranus IC. (Tromse Mus. Aarsh., 

 1894). Lindmann (Dovrefjeld), a humble-bee. 



1752. V. uliginosum L. (Herm. Muller, 'Fertilisation,' pp. 373-5, 'Weit. 

 Beob.,' Ill, p. 67, ' Alpenblumen,' p. 381 ; Knuth, 'Bl. u. Insekt. a. d. nordfr. Ins.,' 

 pp. 100, 113; Kerner, 'Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. i, II, pp. 107, 526; Loew, 

 ' Blutenbiol. Floristik,' p. 399.) Hermann Muller says that the flower mechanism of 

 this species agrees with that of the last, except as regards the following points. 



