86 ANGIOSPERMAEDICOTYLEDONES 



1855. J. Sambae Ait. This species is especially fragrant after sunset. 



1856. J. noctiflorum Afzel. 



Visitors. These appear to be nocturnal Lepidoptera. 



559. Nyctanthes L. 



1857. N. Arbor-tristis L. This species bears large fragrant flowers with 

 long corolla-tubes, and most of them are shed at sunrise. 



Visitors. These appear to be nocturnal Lepidoptera. 



560. Monodora Dun. 



1858. M. longiflora Eng., and 1859. M. pubens A. Gray. The large 

 fragrant flowers of these species are of a bright-yellow colour and possess long 

 corolla-tubes. They open in the evening. 



Visitors. These are apparently nocturnal Lepidoptera. 



561. Schrebera Roxb. 

 The flowers are particularly fragrant in the evening. 



Visitors. ^Judging from the above these would appear to be nocturnal Lepi- 

 doptera. 



LXVL ORDER APOCFNACEAE R.BR. 



Literature. K. Schumann, ' Apocynaceae,' in Engler and Prantl's *D. nat. 

 Pflanzenfam.', IV, 2, pp. 115-17. 



562. Vinca L. 



Flowers herkogamous, with concealed nectar secreted at the base of the ovary. 



i860. V. minor L. (Sprengel, 'Entd. Geh.,' pp. 135-7; Herm. Miiller, 

 ' Fertilisation,' pp. 394-6, ' Weit. Beob.,' Ill, p. 62 ; MacLeod, Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, 

 Ghent, v, 1893, pp. 384-5 ; Kirchner, ' Flora v. Stuttgart,' p. 544 ; Baillon, Bull. soc. 

 linn., Paris, i, 1882, pp. 323-5; Darwin, Gard. Chron., London, 1861, pp. 552, 

 831; Crocker, Bull. R. Bot. Gard, Kew, 1861, Gard. Chron., London, i86i, 

 p. 669; F. A. P., op. cit., p. 736 ; Delpino, ' Sugli appar. d. fecondaz. nelle piante 

 autocarp.,' pp. 15-17 ; Hildebrand, Bot. Ztg., Leipzig, xxv, 1867, p. 274 ; Humphrey, 

 Bot. Gaz., Chicago (111.), x, 1885, p. 296.) The flower mechanism of this species 

 was long since described by Sprengel, but he supposed it to be adapted for self- 

 pollination. Darwin and Delpino have both given correct independent accounts 

 of it. Nectar is secreted by two yellow glands near the ovary, and stored up in the 

 corolla-tube (11 mm. long), the entrance of which is lined by hairs serving as a pro- 

 tection against rain. About the middle of this tube the style thickens conically and 

 terminates in a short cylindrical horizontal plate, the edge of which functions as 

 a stigma and is covered with a sticky secretion. The plate bears a tuft of hairs, 

 which takes up the pollen as it is shed from the anthers. The filaments spring from 

 the middle of the corolla-tube, are bent in a knee-like fashion, and beset with hairs 

 internally. The anthers are situated immediately above the stigmatic disk, and 



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