ii8 ANGIOSPERMAEDICOTYLEDONES 



purple flowers of this species is 3 mm. long and about the same breadth, but the 

 access to the nectar is narrowed to i mm. by five pocket-shaped hollow scales in its 

 entrance. The darker colour of these enables them to serve as nectar-guides, and 

 their velvety covering of hairs as nectar-covers. The style projects in the middle of 

 the flower to a height of 2 mm., and the five simultaneously maturing anthers project 

 beyond it. As these dehisce introrsely automatic self-pollination necessarily takes 

 place by the fall of pollen, should insect-visits fail. If the proboscis of an insect is 

 inserted into the nectar-secreting base of the flower it touches pollen and stigma with 

 opposite sides, so that cross-pollination is favoured. 



Visitors. Herm. Miiller observed the following in Thuringia. 



A. Hymenoptera. Apidae : i. Andrena nigroaenea K. ^, skg., remaining 

 a very long time (over ^ min.) on the flowers ; 2. Apis mellifica L. 5, freq., skg. ; 

 3. Halictus tetrazonius Klg. % in large numbers, skg. B. Lepidoptera. Rhopalo- 

 cera : 4. Lycaena aegon S. V. J. skg. C. Thysanoptera. 5. Thrips, very 

 common. 



The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated. 



Knuth (Kiel), the honey-bee and the humble-bee Bombus terrester Z., both skg. 

 Loew (North Germany), a bee (Osmia sp.). Gerstacker (Berlin), the bee Osmia 

 adunca Ltr. 



1958. C. pictum Ait. Kerner describes this species as feebly protogynous. 



1959. C. Coltimnae Bivona. 



Visitors. Loew observed the honey-bee and the humble-bee Bombus pratorum 

 Z., both skg., in the Berlin Botanic Garden. 



599. Omphalodes Toum. 

 As Cynoglossum. 



i960. O. verna Moench (= Cynoglossum Omphalodes Z.). (Herm. Muller, 

 * Fertilisation,' pp. 416-17.) The flower mechanism of this species agrees essentially 

 with that of Echinos|)ermum. The tube of the corolla is 3 mm. long, while its liml 

 expands into a blue surface 15-18 mm. in diameter. During insect-visits crossing i^ 

 favoured, but should they fail automatic self-pollination is inevitable. 



Visitors. Herm. Muller observed 2 bees Bombus terrester Z. j, and Osmia 

 nifa Z. J, both skg. 



600. Eritrichium Schrad. 



1961. E. villosum Bunge This species bears fragrant flowers. 

 Visitors. Ekstam observed flies in Nova Zemlia. 



1962. E. aretioides A. DC. (= Myosotis aretioides CArfw.). This specie 

 was discovered by Chamisso in Tschukschenland and Kamchatka. 



601. Rindera Pall. 



1963. R. tetraspis Pall. 

 Visitors. Friese {lesk Becker) observed two po-cltg. bees (Eucera albofasciataj 



Fn'fse, and E. velutina A for.) at Sarepta. 



