SCROPHULA RINEAE 



195 



weather when the flowers remain half-closed. Kerner says that anthesis lasts for 

 two days. 



Fig. 300. Veronica aphylla, L. (after Herm. Miiller). A. Completely 

 open flower. B. Half-closed flower, in which self-pollination is taking place 

 (X7). 



Visitors. Herm. Miiller observed a Muscid, a Syrphid, and a beetle, on the 

 Stilfser Joch. 



2125. V. alpina L. (Herm. MuUer, * Alpenblumen,' p. 270; Schulz, 'Beitrage,' 

 II, p. 117.) The minute flowers of this species, hardly 4 mm. in diameter, are homo- 

 gamous, or sometimes feebly protogynous. Lindman found flowers on the Dovre^eld 

 to be at first protogynous and then homogamous. In Greenland, according to 



Fig. 301. Veronica alpina, L. (after Herm. Muller). A. Flower seen 

 directly from the front. B. Do., from above. C. Pistil and nectary (x 7). 

 ^^, style ; n, nectary ; ov, ovary ; st, stigma. 



Warming, the mechanism is the same as in the Alps. During unfavourable weather 

 the flowers remain closed, and autogamy takes place by direct contact of anthers and 

 stigma. Insect-visits are few. 



Visitors. Herm. Muller only observed a Muscid. 



2126. V. arvensis L. (Herm. Muller, ' Weit. Beob.,' Ill, p. 35 ; Kirchner, 

 'Flora V. Stuttgart,' p. 591.) In this species the dark sky-blue corolla possesses 

 a whitish nectar-guide, and is marked by darker streaks, but there is no nectar-cover. 

 When expanded the flowers are 5 mm. in diameter. The filaments are not attenuated 

 at the base. Anthers and stigma are at the same level, and so close together that 



o 2 



