SCROPHULARINEAE 



199 



the flower, the style does not elongate at the same rate as the other parts and 

 ultimately come to lie behind the anthers. 



Kemer says that a bending of the style in the course of anthesis renders 

 automatic self-pollination possible, by bringing the stigma into contact with pollen 

 that has collected in the hollows of the corolla. 



Fig. 302. Tossia alpina, L. (after Herm. MuUer). A. Jast opened flower. B. Do., seen from 

 the side. C. A slightly older flower, after removal of the caXyx. and part of the corolla. D. Fully- 

 mature flower. E. Do., partly dissected from the side. F. Ovary and nectary. G. Do., in longitudinal 

 section ( x 7). , nectary ; si, stigma. 



Visitors. Herm. Miiller only observed Diptera (4 Muscids and 4 Syrphids) in 

 the Alps. 



668. Melampjnnim L. 



Homogamous humble-bee flowers, with the nectary in the form of a lobe pro- 

 jecting downwards from the base of the ovary. The upper lip serves as a roof to 

 protect the anthers from rain. In the species with the longest corolla-tubes (M. 

 ! arvense Z., and M. nemorosum Z.), and which can therefore only be pollinated by 

 1 the longest-tongued visitors, the bracts are brightly coloured, thus increasing the 

 , conspicuousness of the inflorescence. Rathay (Verb. ZoolBot. Ges., Wien, xxxix, 

 I 1889) says that these are beset with nectar-secreting trichomes in some species 

 (M. arvense Z., M. nemorosum Z., M. pratense Z., M. barbatum), and that these 

 , ' extra-floral nectaries ' attract ants. 



