SCROPHULARINEAE 



213 



corolla-tube pursues a straight course for about 3 mm. and then bends at right angles. 

 This not only prevents the abundant nectar from running out, but deters the thievish 

 humble-bee Bombus mastrucatus Gerst. from stealing, for it finds it difficult to insert 

 its proboscis round the sharp bend. Self-pollination is excluded. 



Visitors. The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities 

 stated. 



Herm. MuUer, 7 humble-bees, 7 Lepidoptera, and a Bombylius. Loew 

 (Heuthal), the humble-bee Bombus alticola Krchb. 5, skg. (' Bliitenbiol. Florisdk,' 

 p. 399). MacLeod (Pyrenees), a humble-bee skg. legitimately (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, 

 Ghent, iii, 1891, p. 315). 



2159. P. tuberosa L. (Herm. Muller, ' Alpenblumen/ pp. 301-2; Kerner, 

 ' Nat. Hist. PL,' Eng. Ed. i, II, p. 376.) The flower mechanism of this species 

 agrees pretty well with that of P. asplenifolia, but the lower lip is not so oblique. 



Fig. 310. Pedicularis tuberosa^ L. (after Herm. Muller). 

 longitudinal section. IV and kk', long and short stamens. 



Upper lip in 



The uppermost part of the filaments is beset with hairs to prevent the pollen from 

 being scattered at the side. The corolla-tube is 9 mm. long. Kerner says that 

 autogamy is effected in much the same way as in P. incamata. 



2i6o. P. lapponica L. (Warming, Bot. Tids., Kjobenhavn, xvii, 1890, 



pp. 219-20; Schneider, Troms0 Mus. Aarsh., 1894; Abromeit, 'Bot. Ergeb. von 



Drygalski's Gronlandsexped.,' p. 42.) Warming examined this species on the 



DovreQeld, and describes the flowers as smelling like roses, and possessing a mechanism 



? similar to that of P. Oederi Vahl. But as the lower lip is still more oblique, it would 



j appear to be more strongly adapted to entomophily than other related forms. In 



I accordance with this, according to Aurivillius, the style is widely exserted, so that 



insect visitors must first touch the stigma, and thus effect cross-pollination. Owing 



to the horizontal position of the flower, however, it is perhaps possible for autogamy 



to be effected by the fall of pollen. Lindman observed ripe fruits, but the plant 



' propagates vigorously by means of subterranean shoots. 



Abromeit states that in Greenland the corolla varies from yellowish-white to 

 [sulphur-yellow in colour, and is 14-15 mm. long. 



Visitors. The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities 

 Istated. 



