LABIATAE 249 



2227. M. piperita L. (Knuth, * Bliitenbiol. Herbstbeob.') 



Visitors. Knuth (Kiel Botanic Garden) observed, skg., the honey-bee, a 

 hover-fly (Eristalis sp.), and a butterfly (Pieris sp.). Loew gives the following list 

 for the Berlin Botanic Garden. 



A. Coleoptera. (a) AllecuUdae \ i. Cteniopus sulphureusZ. (^) Coccinellidae: 

 2. Coccinella bipunctata L. B. Diptera. (a) Muscidae : 3. Echinomyia fera ., 

 numerous ; 4. Lucilia caesar L. ; 5. Sarcophaga carnaria Z. {6) Syrphidae : 6. 

 Eristalis arbustorum Z. ; 7. E. nemorum Z. ; 8. Helophilus floreus Z. ; 9. Syritta 

 pipiens Z. ; 10. Syrphus corollae F. 



2228. M. aquatica L. (Herm. Muller, 'Fertilisation/ p. 471, 'Weit. Beob.,' 

 Ill, p. 58; Kirchner, ' Flora v. Stuttgart,' p. 609; Schulz, ' Beitrage,' II, pp. 126, 

 i74> 195 j Loew, ' Bliitenbiol. Floristik,' p. 390 ; Knuth, ' Bloemembiol. Bijdragen' ; 

 Mowes, op. cit.) Schulz says that gynomonoeciously and still more frequently 

 gynodioeciously distributed female flowers are found in this species as well as 

 protandrous hermaphrodite ones. Mowes found the var. capitata Wimm. to be 

 represented by large-flowered hermaphrodite and small-flowered female stocks. The 

 corolla-tube of hermaphrodite flowers is 4-5 mm. long, with an entrance 2 mm. 

 broad. The flower mechanism agrees otherwise with that of M. arvensis. The 

 stocks bearing hermaphrodite flowers are much more frequent than the small- 

 flowered female ones, the latter generally occurring, according to Schulz, to the 

 amount of 5-15 %. Although the nectar is concealed somewhat more deeply than 

 in M. arvensis, the species is more largely visited by insects, on account of the 

 greater conspicuousness of the inflorescences. 



Visitors. Herm. Muller observed the following. 



A. Coleoptera. Cerambycidae \ i. Leptura testacea Z. B. Diptera. 



(a) Empidae: all skg.; 2. Empis livida Z., freq. ; 3. E. rustica Fall.; 4. E. 

 tessellata F. {b) Muscidae : all skg. ; 5. Lucilia caesar Z. ; 6. Musca corvina F. ; 

 7. Onesia floralis R.-D. ; 8. O. sepulcralis Mg. ; 9. Sarcophaga carnaria Z. 

 (f) Syrphidae: 10. Ascia podagrica F., skg.; 11. Eristalis aeneus Scop., very 

 common, skg. and po-dvg. ; 12. E. arbustorum Z., do.; 13. E. intricarius Z. 5, 

 freq., skg. ; 14. E. nemorum Z., very common, skg. and po-dvg.; 15. E. pertinax 

 Scop., skg. ; 16. E. sepulcralis Z., very common, skg. and po-dvg.; 17. Helophilus 

 floreus Z., skg. ; 18. H. pendulus Z., freq., skg. and po-dvg. ; 19. H. trivittatus F., 

 do.; 20. Melanostoma mellina Z., freq., do.; 21. Rhingia rostrata Z., skg.; 22. 

 Syritta pipiens Z., freq., skg. and po-dvg. ; 23. Syrphus pyrastri Z., do. {d) 

 Tabanidae : 24. Chrysops caecutiens Z., skg. C. Hymenoptera. {a) Apidae: 

 25. Apis mellifica Z. 5, freq., skg.; 26. Halictus cylindricus F. 5, do.; 27. H. 

 longulus Sm. 5, skg. ; 28. H. maculatus Sm. J, freq., skg. ; 29. H. nitidiusculus K. 

 J, skg. {b) Ichneumonidae : 30. Various sp., sometimes creeping right into the 

 flowers. D. Lepidoptera. Tortricidae -.31. Tortrix sp., skg. E. Neuroptera. 

 32. Panorpa communis Z., skg. 



Willis noticed the following in the neighbourhood of the S. coast of Scotland 

 (' Fls. and Insects in Gt. Britain,' Part I). 



A. Coleoptera. (a) Curculionidae : i. Crepidodera ferruginea Scop., freq., 

 dvg. pollen and anthers. {b) Nitidulidae '. 2. Meligethes sp., skg. and po-dvg. 

 B. Diptera. (a) Empidae : 3, Rhamphomyia sp., skg. (b) Muscidae : 4. Anthomyia 

 radicum Z., skg. and po-dvg.; 5, Mydaea sp., po-dvg.; 6. Trichopthicus cunctans 

 Mg., freq., skg. {c) Syrphidae: 7. Eristalis aeneus Scop., freq., skg. ; 8. E. horticola 

 Deg., do. ; 9. E. tenax Z., do. ; 10. Volucella pellucens Z., skg. C. Hymenoptera. 



