LABIATAE 259 



Visitors. Morawitz observed the following 5 bees in the Caucasus. 



I. Bombus haematurus it'niff^^. ; 2. Eucera similis Z<?/>. ; 3. Eucera spectabilis 

 Mor. ; 4. Podalirius raddei Mor. ; 5. P. tarsatus Spin. 



2239. S. aethiopica ( = S. Aethiopis Z. ?) ; 2240. S. argentea L.; 2241. 

 S. virgata Ait.; 2242. S. pendula Vahl. These species agree (Hildebrand, 

 op, cit.) as to their flower mechanism with S. pratensis. 



Visitors. Loew (Berlin Botanic Garden) saw the bee Megachile fasciata Sm. J, 

 skg., on S. argentea, and the honey-bee, skg., on S. virgata. 



2243. S. nutans L. Hildebrand (op. cit.) and Correns (op. cit.) state that 

 this species differs from S. pratensis in possessing perfectly upright straight con- 

 nectives, the stamens therefore projecting much less. As the flowers grow in 

 pendulous racemes and their position is consequently reversed, visitors alight on 

 the upper lip, and are thus dusted on their lower sides by the slightly projecting 

 anthers. 



2244. S. splendens Ker-Gawl. Hildebrand (op. cit.) says that in this species 

 the lower halves of the connectives are not bent forward, but are flat plates almost 

 entirely fused with each other. 



2245. S. splendens Sellow (= S. colorans Horl.).W. Trelease says that this 

 Brazilian species is pollinated by humming-birds. The lower lip, which in our native 

 species serves as an alighting-platform for humble-bees, is therefore small and 

 undeveloped. The corolla is about 6 cm. long and conceals abundant nectar in 

 its base. It is scarlet, as is also the calyx, and placed almost horizontally ; its tube 

 is slightly compressed laterally. The style with the stigma projects from the corolla 

 as in our species. The filaments are inserted at the point of separation of the upper 

 and lower lips. The connectives form, as in humble-bee flower species, a lever with 

 arms of equal length ; the front end of this lever bears the fertile anther-lobes, while 

 the other lies on the inner surface of the corolla, and is devoid of lobes. Bees and 

 humble-bees are too small for this flower mechanism, their proboscides being too 

 short to reach the nectar; butterflies are too weak to set the lever apparatus in 

 motion ; powerful moths might do so, but as the colour of the flowers makes them 

 inconspicuous at night this is improbable. It must, therefore, be assumed that 

 humming-birds effect pollination. Fritz Miiller has, in fact, seen humming-birds 

 visiting the scarlet-red species of Salvia in South Brazil ; when these visitors sucked 

 nectar, pollen was sprinkled on the front of their heads, to be transferred to the 

 stigmas of flowers in the second (female) stage. 



2246. S. Grahami Benth. Hildebrand (op. cit.) says that this species 

 possesses homogamous flowers, in which the style scarcely projects beyond the 

 anthers. 



2247. S. lanceolata Brouss. The flower mechanism of this species is the 

 same as that of S. Grahami, and Hildebrand says that the lower stigmatic lobe is 

 situated between the anthers, so that automatic self-pollination takes place. 



2248. S. hirsuta Jacq. This species also (Hildebrand, op. cit.) is capable 

 of automatic self-pollination, the greatly enlarged lower stigmatic lobe bending so far 



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