PL ANT A GIN A CEAE 



325 



Schulz noticed not only gynodioecism, but also gynomonoecism, andromonoecism, 

 and androdioecism. 



Visitors. Knuth observed (Kiel Botanic Garden) the butterfly Vanessa io Z,, 

 vainly searching for nectar, and the following in Thuringia (Eisenach, Coburg, and 

 Schwarzburg), and in meadows at Cassel (July, '94). 



A. Coleoptera. {a) Cerambycidae \ i. Strangalia bifasciata Mull, po-dvg. 

 {b) NitiduUdae : 2. Meligethes sp., po-dvg. B. Diptera. Syrphidae : all po-dvg. : 

 3. Eristalis sp. ; 4. Melanostoma mellina Z. ; 5. Rhingia rostrata Z. ; 6. Syrphus 

 balteatus Z)^^, ; 7. S. sp.; 8. Volucella pellucens Z. C. Hymenoptera. Apidae: 

 all po-cltg. : 9. Apis mellifica Z. ; 10. Bombus lapidarius Z. 5 ; n. B. terrester Z. 

 $ and 5 ; 12. Halictus cylindricus F. 



Fig. 346. Plantago tnedia^ L. (after Herm. MuUer). (1-5) A form growing on dry sunny slopes at 

 Rixberger Hill (Lippstadt). (i) Bud. (2) Opening flower. (3) Completely expanded flower. 



(4) Corolla. (5) Pistil. (6-8) Another form growing in damp and rather shady spots in the same locality. 

 (6) Mature flower. (7) Corolla. (8) Pistil. a, anthers ; ^, filaments ; cw, ovary ; ^, petals ; j, sepals ; 

 St, stigma. 



Herm. Miiller gives the following list, in which Budd. = Buddeberg, and 

 T. =: Thuringia. 



A. Coleoptera. (a) Cerambycidae: i. Strangalia bifasciata MiilL, po-dvg. 

 (T.) ; 2. S. nigra Z., in large numbers, gnawing the anthers. (<5) Telephoridae : as 2 : 

 3. Anthocomus fasciatus Z. ; 4. Malachius aeneus Z. {c) NitiduUdae : 5. Meligethes, 

 not infreq. {d) Oedemeridae : 6. Oedemera marginata jP., dvg. the anthers (T.). 

 B. Diptera. (a) Muscidae : 7. Spilogaster semicinerea Wied., very common, po- 

 dvg. (b) Stratiomyidae : 8. Chrysomyia formosa Scop, {c) Syrphidae : all po-dvg. : 

 9. Ascia podagrica F.\ 10. Chrysotoxum festivum Z. (Kitzingen); 11. Eristalis 

 arbustorum Z., very common; 12. Helophilus fioreus Z. (T.); 13. Melanostoma 

 ambigua Fall.\ 14. M. mellina Z. ; 15. Rhingia rostrata Z. (H. M., Budd.); 



