1 



336 ANGIOSPERMAEDICOTYLEDONES 



protogynous, the stigmas being shrivelled when the anthers dehisce. Schulz occa- 

 sionally observed purely male plants. 



2440. C. Bonus-Henricus L. (Warming, Bot. Tids., Kjobenhavn, ii, 1877 ;j 

 Kirchner, ' Neue Beob.,' p. 17, 'Flora v. Stuttgart,' pp. 223-4.) Warming has] 

 already shown that this species is protogynous, in which it agrees with most allied' 

 forms. Again the two or three (rarely four) rather long stigmas first mature, the 

 stamens ripening only after these have faded : the filaments are no longer than the 

 perianth leaves, which diverge very little. The individual flowers of a spike mature 

 fairly simultaneously, so that adjacent ones are in about the same stage of anthesis. 



2441. C. Vulvaria L. (Kirchner, Jahreshefte Ver. Natk., Stuttgart, xlix, 1893, 

 p. 107 ; Schulz, ' Beitrage,' II, p. 198.) Kirchner states that the hermaphrodite 

 flowers of this species are markedly protogynous, and that there are also male flowers 

 distributed singly among them, reaching (according to Schulz) to as much as 50 %. 1 

 Purely male stocks are rare. Kirchner observed secretion of nectar in this species j 

 as in C. album. Hildebrand (' D. Geschlechts-Vert. b. d. Pfl.,' p. 62) says that the' 

 hermaphrodite flowers are homogamous, so that they seem to vary between homogamy | 

 and protogyny. 



2442. C. ficifolium Sm. Kirchner describes this species as markedly proto- 

 gynous. ^11 



s^43. C. urbicum L. This species is also said by Kirchner to be strongly 

 protogynous. 



760. Blitum L. 



Kirchner says that the flower mechanism of species belonging to this genus' 

 agrees with that of Chenopodium. Their flowers are therefore entomophilous. 



2444. B. virgatum L. 

 Visitors. Kirchner observed Physopods. 



2445. B. capitatum L. (= Chenopodium capitatum Aschirs.). 

 Visitors. Kirchner observed aphides. 



761. Beta L. 



Flowers hermaphrodite. 



2446. B. maritima L. (= B. vulgaris Z., according to the Index Kewensis). 

 MacLeod, who examined this species in Jersey, describes the small green flowers as 

 strongly protandrous, so that self-pollination is excluded. The ovary is surrounded 

 by a nectar-secreting ring bearing the short stamens. 



Visitors. MacLeod observed several small flies, Ichneumonids, and short- 

 tongued bees. Plateau noticed bees (Prosopis sp., and Andrena sp.). 



2447. B. vulgaris L. (Herm. Muller, * Weit. Beob.,' II, p. 221.) 

 Visitors. Buddeberg (Nassau) observed the hover-fly Melanostoma mellina L., 



po-dvg. 



762. Atriplex L. 



Monoecious. Geitonogamy is rendered possible by the crowded inflorescences, 

 Volkens (Engler and Prantl, ' D. nat. Pflanzenfam.,' Ill, i a) says that the flowers 



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