AMARYLLIDEAE 431 



says that the anthers, originally about 11 mm. long, contract after dehiscence to 

 a length of about 4 mm. 



2688. N. biflorus Curt. (Loew, 'Blutenbiol. Beitrage,' II, p. 82.) The flower 

 mechanism of this species agrees with that of N. poeticus, but the perianth tube is 

 only 26 mm. long, 5 mm. wide at the top, and 4 mm. at the bottom. The species 

 seems, therefore, to be adapted for pollination by nocturnal Lepidoptera. 



2689. N. Pseudo-Narcissus L. (Knuth, ' Bloemenbiol. Bijdragen ' ; Burkill, 

 ' Fertlsn. of Spring Fls.') The flowers of this species are adapted for pollination by 

 humble-bees ; they are pale yellow in colour, with a golden-yellow, somewhat funnel- 

 shaped corona. Burkill says that the perianth is 40-50 mm. in diameter, its tube 

 45 mm. long, and 15 mm. broad at the opening. The stamens and the stigma 

 projecting 4-5 mm. beyond them are surrounded by the perianth. The anthers 

 dehisce introrsely immediately after the flower opens, and shed part of their pollen 

 upon the style. Larger insects on entering the flower first touch the stigma, and 

 later on the pollen-covered anthers and the style. As the flowers are homogamous, 

 one insect visitor is enough to pollinate a single flower. The entrances to the three 

 nectaries at the base of the flower are situated between the filaments; they are 

 i-i^ mm. wide, and 6 mm. distant from the nectar, so that a proboscis of that 

 length can reach it. Warnstorf describes the pollen-grains as yellow in colour, 

 irregularly ellipsoidal, tuberculate, up to 63 ju, long and 30 /x, broad. 



Visitors. The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities 

 stated. 



Knuth (gardens at Kiel), the long-tongued bee Anihophora pilipes F. }, which 

 forced its head and thorax into the flowers, and was able to secure the honey with its 

 proboscis (19-21 mm. long), and eff'ected crossing. Also the beetle Meligethes deep 

 within the flower, either as an unbidden guest, or else very occasionally effecting self- 

 pollination. Hoppner (Bremen), the bee Osmia rufa Z., skg. Schenck (Nassau), 

 the bee Osmia rufa L. J. von Fricken (Westphalia and East Prussia), the Nitidulid 

 beetle Epurea aestiva L. Delpino (* Ult. oss.'), a long-tongued bee as pollinator. 

 Burkill (Yorkshire coast). A. Acarina. i. An undetermined sp. creeping about 

 the flowers. B. Diptera. (a) Muscidae : 2. Phorbia muscaria Mg,, vainly seeking 

 nectar in all parts of the flowers, and apparently sometimes effecting self-pollination ; 

 3. One other Muscid, searching for nectar, (d) Syrphidae: 4. Eristalis pertinax Scop., 

 searching for nectar. C. Hymenoptera. Apidae : 5. Andrena clarkella J^. 5, 

 vainly searching for nectar. D. Thysanoptera. 6. Thrips sp. 



2690. N. calathinus L. ( = N. reflexus Loisel. ; and N. odorus Z., according tO' 

 the Index Kewensis). (Crie, ' Sur le polymorph, fl. du Narcisse.') Plants of this 

 species occur in three forms in the Glenan islands ; one long-styled, one short-styled, 

 and a third with three normal and three reduced stamens. 



2691. N. triandrus L. (WoUey C. Dod, ' Polymorphism of organs in Nar- 

 cissus triandrus'; Loew, 'Bliitenbiol. Beitrage,' II, pp. 81-2.) Loew describes the 

 flowers of this Spanish species as protandrous, with a mechanism adapted for both 

 long-tongued bees and Lepidoptera. Dod also describes the species as polymorphous, 

 and distinguishes three chief varieties with regard to the relative length of stamens and 

 styles. 



2692. N. odorus L. (Loew, ' Bliitenbiol. Floristik,' pp. 348-9.) The flowers 

 of this species are adapted for pollination by humble-bees. The perianth tube of 



