LI LI ACE AE 445 



marked towards the base with numerous small, projecting, longitudinal streaks of 



dark-orange colour. Nectar is secreted fairly abundantly at the bases of the six 



perianth leaves. The anthers are about 



1 6 mm. long and 5 mm. broad, and depend 



from filaments 30-5 mm. long ; soon after 



the flower opens they are thickly covered 



with orange-red pollen, the grains of which 



are on an average 80 jx long and 50 fx 



broad, agreeing with those of the preceding 



species as regards shape and surface. 



..... - 1 1 i- Fig. 397. Li'lium /es/aceum, Liftdl. {{rom DSitnTe). 



At the begmnmg 01 antheSlS the stigma Flower in the second (hermaphrodite) stage of anthesis. 



is Still immature, and is situated on a The I^riaath and 3 stamens have been removed. The 



' mature stigma projects but little beyond the anthers, 



vertical style between the already dehiscent which are somewhat reflexed (natural size). The sta- 



, ,, J , y , mens have been displaced to some extent, and the 



and pollen-covered anthers. I^ater the anthers hang down more in actual specimens. 



style elongates a little, and bends so that 



the now mature stigma projects laterally from the stamens, and though in pushing 

 through the latter, it gets covered with pollen, if it subsequently receives foreign 

 pollen this always proves prepotent in action. 



Visitors. I have not observed any, but they may be diurnal hawk-moths (i. e. 

 Macroglossa) as there is no platform and the nectar is only accessible to long-tongued 

 insects hovering in front of the flower without settling. 



2726. L. chalcedonicum L. (Knuth, op. cit.) The flowers of this species 

 open in the morning. The scarlet perianth leaves, which are rolled backwards, 

 possess raised longitudinal streaks from the curved region inwards, and secrete 

 nectar at their grooved bases. In other respects also the flower mechanism agrees 

 essentially with that of the last species, though protandry is but slight, and the stigma 

 remains in contact throughout anthesis with the pollen-covered anthers, 14 mm. long 

 and 5 mm. broad, so that automatic self-pollination takes place still more certainly. 

 The pollen-grains are orange-red in colour, with a network of tubercles, on an average 

 90 fi long and 50 fi broad. 



Visitors. As the last species. 



2727. L. tigrinum Ker-Gawl. In this species the orange-red perianth leaves 

 are reflexed, marked with numerous black-purple spots, and provided with almost 

 prickly papillae on the way to the nectar secreted in the usual place. The large, 

 dark-brown stigma at the tip of a style 6 cm. long, is situated at first between the 

 6 anthers, which are 2 cm. long and 4 mm. broad, and thickly covered with dark- 

 brown pollen. Automatic self-pollination, however, cannot take place, as the anthers 

 are several centimetres distant from the stigma, and the line of fall of the pollen 

 passes this by. Later on, the style bends upwards, so that the stigma comes into 

 contact with one pollen-covered anther, and autogamy can be eff"ected. In bending 

 upwards thus the style appears to make rotatory movements, rendering it still easier 

 to bring the stigma into contact with one of the two upper anthers. 



The species provides for vegetative propagation by producing large, black 

 bulbils in the leaf-axils. 



Visitors. I did not observe any on the hot, calm morning of August 16, 1898, 



