LILIACEAE 459 



A. Coleoptera. Nitidulidae \ i. Meligethes, in great numbers, apparently 

 po-dvg. (H. M.). B. Diptera. Syrphidae : 2. Cheilosia sp., vainly searching 

 for nectar (H. M.); 3. Eristalis sp., po-cltg. (H, M.). C. Hymenoptera. Apidae: 



4. Andrena albicans Miill. J (Budd.) ; 5. A. fulva Schr. 5, skg. ; 6. Anthophora 

 pilipes F. 5 and t, freq., skg. (H. M., Budd.) ; 7. Apis mellifica Z. 5 (Kn., H. M.); 

 8. Bombus hortorum L. 5 (Kn.), one, skg. ; 9. B. terrester L. 5, skg. (H. M.) ; 

 10. Halictus albipes F. j, po-cltg. (Budd.) ; 11. Osmia cornuta Ltr. $, skg. (Budd.) ; 

 12. O. rufa Z. 5 and $, very common, skg. (H. M.). D. Lepidoptera. 13. Rho- 

 docera rhamni Z., freq., i skg. (H. M.) ; 14. Vanessa io Z., skg. (H. M.); 15. V. 

 urticae Z., not infreq., skg. (Kn.). 



The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated. 



Alfken (Bremen), 5 bees i. Andrena albicans Mull. J; 2. Bombus pratorum 

 Z. J ; 3. B. terrester Z. 5; 4. Osmia rufa Z. $ and J ; 5. Podalirius acervorum Z. S. 

 Friese (Mecklenburg), 3 bees i. Melecta armata Pz.; 2. Osmia rufa Z., freq.; 

 3. Podalirius acervorum Z., do. Schletterer and von Dalla Torre (Tyrol), the bee 

 Melecta luctuosa Scop. J. Burkill (Yorkshire coast), 2 bees (Apis mellifica Z., skg., 

 and Bombus terrester Z., do.) and the butterfly Vanessa urticae Z., skg. (' Fertlsn. 

 of Spring Fls.'). Loew (Berlin Botanic Garden), 3 bees i. Andrena fulva 

 Schr. $, skg.; 2. Apis mellifica Z. 5, skg. or (?) boring for sap; 3. Osmia rufa Z. 



5, do. 



3784. H. amethystinus L. (MacLeod, ' Pyreneenbl.,' pp. 45-7.) The blue, 

 slighdy overhanging flowers of this species are protandrous. The perianth tube is 

 about 9-11 mm. long, the lobes about 2-5 mm. In the first stage of anthesis the 

 anthers of the three longer stamens dehisce ; they project 2-5 mm. beyond the 

 stigma, so that in consequence of the pendulous position of the flowers, automatic 

 self-pollination is excluded. In the second stage, the anthers of the three shorter 

 stamens have dehisced, and are now situated at the same level as the maturing stigma 

 by means of the elongation of the style, so that automatic self-pollination must take 

 place. Secretion of free nectar has not been observed. 



Visitors. MacLeod observed 2 flies (Eristalis sp., and Bombylius sp.) and 

 a lepidopterid (Aurora sp.). 



892. Galtonia Decne. 



2785. G. candicans Decne. (=Hyacinthus candicans Baker). (Knuth, 'Bloe- 

 menbiol. Bijdragen.') This South African species is found with us as a garden plant 

 with markedly protandrous flowers. At first the pollen-covered anthers bend together 

 towards the centre. After they have dropped oflf the filaments bend back towards 

 the perianth. The style, which was previously surrounded by them, thus becomes 

 free, and the terminal stigma develops its papillae ; the latter are now in the position 

 previously occupied by the anthers, so that crossing must be effected when insects of 

 suitable size visit the flowers. These use the stamens as alighting-rods in the first 

 stage and the style in the second. Nectar is abundantly secreted by the lower side 

 of the ovary and stored in the base of the flower. Six nectar-passages about 8 mm. 

 deep, are situated between the broadened roots of the filaments. 



Visitors. Knuth (Kiel Botanic Garden) observed the honey-bee and the 

 humble-bee Bombus terrester 5 and 5, both skg. persistently. 



