GRAMINEAE 521 



985. Phleum L. 



2999. P. pratense L. Axell and Kirchner describe this species as markedly 

 protogynous, Warnstorf as homogamous. The yellow or violet anthers dehisce about 

 7-8 a.m. (Kerner). 



Visitors. Ludwig observed flies, and Knuth the hover-fly Melanostoma 

 mellina Z. 



3000. P. alpinum L. Schroter describes this species as protogynous with 

 impeded self-pollination. 



3001. P. Michelii All. This species is described by Schroter as protogynous. 



3002. P. Boehmeri Wibel. Kirchner (' Beitrage/ p. 8) states that this species 

 possesses the same mechanism as the other species of this genus. 



986. Leersia Soland. 



3003. L. oryzoides Sw. (= Oryza clandestina A. Br.). This species bears 

 cleistogamous flowers (Walz, Bot. Ztg., Leipzig, xxii, 1864, p. 145). Duval-Jouve 

 (Bui. soc. bot., Paris, x, 1863, pp. 194-7) says that the cleistogamous flowers occur 

 in the lateral panicles, which remain concealed in the sheath. Ascherson states that 

 the projecting terminal panicle frequently forms only sterile spikelets, but fertile flowers 

 may also be present. 



987. Oryza L. 



3004. O. sativa L. (Komicke, op. cit.) In this species the panicle begins 

 to open at the tip and appears to continue during the whole day. As the glumes 

 open, the closed anthers on their slender filaments protrude laterally and bend 

 outwards. Later on the filaments curve over so that the anthers become pendulous. 

 These then dehisce, at some distance from the glumes, from top to bottom, and the 

 dry pollen falls into the air. After the protrusion of the anthers the glumes open 

 more widely, the stigmas project or remain between the widely divergent glumes, but 

 are accessible to foreign pollen. Later on the exserted stigmas draw back between 

 the glumes. They often, however, remain outside even after the closing of the latter. 

 The species is therefore allogamous. 



Roxburgh (' Fl. Indica '), in the description of his var. 2, states that the male, 

 neuter, and female flowers are mixed with hermaphrodite ones. He also says that 

 female flowers are present in his var. i. 



988. Agrostis L. 



3005. A. rupestris AH. Schroter states that self-pollination in this species is 

 at first impeded, Kerner says that the pollen is dehisced about 1 1 a.m. The other 

 species of the genus agree with this one. 



3006. A. alba L. 



Visitors. Herm. Miiller observed the hover-fly Melanostoma mellina Z. 



3007. A. vulgaris With. Warnstorf states that the flowers of this species 

 dehisce before noon. 



