CONIFERAE 539 



3097. P. Strobus L. Agrees with No. 3098. 



1031. Picea Link. 



3098. P. excelsa Link (= P. vulgaris Link, Pinus Abies Z., P. Picea Durot, 

 and Abies excelsa Pair.). (Strasburger, op. cit., p. 253.) This specimen is 

 monoecious. The pollination mechanism agrees essentially with that of Pinus 

 sylvestris. The young female cones develop singly from the terminal buds of the 

 branches of the current year branch ; they are considerably larger than those of 

 Pinus sylvestris, and therefore project between the mature needles of the branch. 

 Only the inner halves of the obovate ovuliferous scales are vertical, the outer halves 

 being almost horizontal. They possess no keel, so that the pollen is guided down- 

 wards between the projecting middle and the two slightly-inwardly curved edges of 

 the inner halves of the scales. The ovules follow the same course as those of the 

 pines, and the mechanism also agrees in other respects with that of Pinus sylvestris. 

 After pollination the cones, hitherto of a beautiful red, become brown and green in 

 colour, and pendulous in position ; the scales become gradually vertical and adhere 

 closely. Kirchner ('Flora v. Stuttgart,' p. 53) says that the female inflorescences 

 of the same tree mature somewhat earlier than the male, so that cross-pollination is 

 favoured. 



Visitors. The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities 

 stated. 



Redtenbacher (Austria), the Cantharid beetle Cantharis tristis F., and the weevil 

 Otiorhynchus multipunctatus F. Von Fricken (Westphalia), the Anthicid beetle 

 Ptinus dubius Sirm. 



3099. P. alba Link, and 3100. P. nigra L. These species, according to 

 Lambert ('A Description of the Genus Pinus,' London, 1803), and drawings by 

 Parlatore (' Stud, organograf. sui fiori e sui frutti d. Conif.,' Firenze, 1864), agree with 

 P. excelsa. 



1032. Tsuga Carr. 



3101. T. canadensis Carr. ( = Pinus canadensis Z.). As Nos. 3099 and 3100. 



1033. Cedrus Mill. 



3102. C. Libani Barrel. (Strasburger, op. cit., pp. 253-4, foot-note.) As 

 Nos. 3099 and 3100. 



1034. Larix Tourn. 



3103. L. europaea DC. (= L. decidua Mill., Pinus Larix Z., Abies Larix 

 Poir.). (Strasburger, op. cit., pp. 254-5.) This species is monoecious. The carpels 

 are highly developed and make up the bulk of the cone during anthesis, while the 

 ovuliferous scales then consist almost entirely of the two ovules only; the former 

 must therefore guide the pollen. They are violet or purple-red in colour, ovoid, 

 rounded above, vertical and slightly bent outwards ; there is an indication of a keel 

 in the middle, which is produced outwards by itself for a short distance. As the 

 lateral margins of the carpels are curved slightly inwards, a groove is formed on each 

 side of the keel, in which the pollen-grains slide down to the small ovuliferous scale : 



