PLANT PATHOLOGY 231 



In 1857 the Introduction to Cryptogamic Botany appeared, 

 which remained for many years the standard work on the 

 subject. This was followed in i860 by Outlines of British 

 Mycology^ a book profusely illustrated with coloured plates, 

 and intended more especially for the beginner in the study of 

 Mycology. 



Just over 400 separate papers dealing with fungi are listed 

 under Berkeley's name alone, in addition to numerous others, 

 where he worked in collaboration with C. E. Broome, Dr M. C. 

 Cooke, Rev. M. A. Curtis, and others. 



Plant Pathology. 



At the present day Berkeley is best known as a systematist, 

 which of itself alone is sufficient to retain his name for all time 

 in the front rank of mycologists, but when the history of Plant 

 Pathology is elaborated, Berkeley's name will undoubtedly stand 

 out more prominently than that of any other individual. In 

 fact, it is not saying too much to pronounce Berkeley as the 

 originator and founder of Plant Pathology. He was not the 

 first to investigate plant diseases caused by fungi, but he was 

 undoubtedly the first to recognise the significance of the subject, 

 and its great importance from an economic standpoint. His 

 investigation of the potato murrain, written in 1846, cleared the 

 air of all kinds of wild theories as to its origin, and showed it to 

 be undoubtedly caused by the fungus now known as Phytophthora 

 infestans^ whose life-history he carefully worked out. Then 

 followed a similar investigation of the vine-mildew, and a series 

 of researches on diseases of plants published in the Gardeners 

 Chronicle dating from 1854 to 1880. It was in these numerous 

 communications that the science of Plant Pathology was firmly 

 established and propounded. The article " On the Diseases of 

 Plants " was contributed to the Cyclopaedia of Agriculture by 

 Berkeley. 



In 1879 he unconditionally presented his mycological her- 

 barium to Kew. This collection contained 10,000 species, of 

 which 5000 were types of Berkeley's own species, in addition to 

 numerous co-types from Montagne, Schweinitz, Fries, Cooke 



