166 BOTANICAL SYNOPSIS 



acuminate, plicate, doubly serrate. Catkins monoecious, 

 pendulous. Male ones, one to two inches long, of ovate acute 

 bracts, each with rive to fourteen forked stamens : female ones, 

 two to four inches long, of three-lobed leafy bracts, each 

 with two flowers. Fruit a nut, a quarter of an inch long. 

 May. Central Europe and West Asia. Vol. III., p. 17. 



GYMNOSPERMIA (CONE-BEARERS). 



NATURAL ORDER, PIN ACE 'jE {PINE FAMriY). 



Pinus Pinaster Ait. Cluster Pine. Bark coarse, deeply 

 fissured longitudinally. Branches whorled, bending upward. 

 Needle-leaves in pairs, six to twelve inches long, light green. 

 Cones in star-like clusters of from four to eight together, 

 four to six inches long, glossy light brown, with ash-grey, 

 pointed "umbo : ' in the centre of each "apophysis" or 

 enlarged end of the cone-scale. June. Mediterranean region. 

 Vol. I., p. 33. 



P. Laricio Poiret. Corsican Pine. Bark reddish grey, 

 scaling off in large, thin plates. Branches whorled, with a 

 lateral spiral twist round the tree. Needle-leaves in pairs, 

 four to eight inches long, dark green. Cones, one to three 

 together, two or three inches long, glossy, tawny, with a 

 very small, pointed umbo to each apophysis. June. Corsica 

 and the Maritime Alps. Vol. II., p. 17. 



P. Pinea L. Stone Pine. Bark reddish grey, fissured 

 longitudinally, often deeply. Branches large, ascending, 

 rendering the tree flat-topped. Needle-leaves in pairs, five 

 to eight inches long, dark green. Cones solitary, sometimes 

 four inches wide, very light brown, with a broad, blunt 

 umbo to each apophysis. Seed large, edible, very slightly 

 winged. May, June. Possibly a native of China, but long 

 grown in the Mediterranean region. Vol. II., p. 137. 



P. sylvestris L. Scots Fir. Bark red-brown, furrowed, 

 scaling, much as in P. Laricio. Needle-leaves in pairs, two 

 to three inches long. Cones, one to three together, ovoid 

 acute, one to two inches long, with deciduous umbo. Seed 



