universal capture of the fiord seal which provides them chiefly 

 with clothing and, so to say, supplies the daily food of the 

 improvident natives of Point Barrow in the extreme West as 

 well as in northern Greenland, and then the largest species, 

 the walrus, the bearded and the saddleback seal, from whteh, 

 besides quantities of flesh and blubber, they get the highly 

 important skins used in making boats, tents and hunting lines. 

 Finally what kind of animals might be considered more closely 

 attached to the shores and the drifting ice of the arctic sea 

 than the polar bear? Its occurrence in the New World justly 

 may be said to correspond almost exactly with that of the 

 Eskimo. It will be seen that its Eskimo name is everywhere 

 the same, and we may add that it belongs- to the radical words 

 of the dictionary. 



WORDS RELATING TO BOATS AND IMPLEMENTS OF 

 CHASE. We now pass to consider the products of human 

 industry by which the capture of the animals enumerated above 

 is performed, in the first place the means of conveyance and, 

 secondly, the tools and weapons. In proceeding to discuss 

 this class of objects, attention must first be called to the pecu- 

 liarity in their designation arising from the development they 

 still have been submitted to during the dispersion of the natives 

 to their present homes. The changes caused by this develop- 

 ment may appear inconsiderable, but still they are not without 

 some significance for our investigation, especially as they are 

 dependant on the different nature of the territories occupied by 

 the settlers which required an adaptation of the contrivances to 

 the localities. The same development is already mentioned in 

 the former volume, but here it will require to be briefly re- 

 ferred to. 



Of the means of conveyance we will, as before said, wholly 

 omit those used on the frozen sea, the dogs and the sledge. 

 Certainly the origin of this invention might be suggestive of 



