RANUNCULACEAE 33 



(H. M.); 7. Rhingia rostrata Z., po-dvg. (Kn.). C. Hymenoptera. Apidae: 8. 

 Andrena albicans Mttll. $> and $, po-cltg. and skg. (H. M.); 9. A. gwynana K. $>, 

 po-cltg. (H. M.); 10. A. parvula K. $>, skg. (H. M.); 11. Apis mellifica Z. 5, freq., 

 skg. and po-dvg. (H. M., Kn.); 12. Halictus albipes F. $>, skg. (H. M.); 13. H. 

 cylindricus F. 5, ditto (H. M.); 14. H. lucidus Schenck 5, ditto (H. M.); 15. H. niti- 

 diusculus K. $>, ditto (H. M.); 16. H. sp., skg. (Kn.); 17. Osmia rufa Z. 5, skg. 

 (Thuringia). D. Thysanoptera. 18. Thrips, very freq. (H. M.). 



Sickmann mentions Salius sepicola Sm. (a fossorial wasp) as a visitor of the 

 plant at Osnabriick. 



Alfken and Hoppner (H.) observed the following at Bremen. A. Hymeno- 

 ptera. Aptdae : 1. Andrena albicans Mull. 5 and 5, skg.; 2. A. cineraria L. J, 

 skg.; 3. A. clarkella K. $ ; 4. A. extricata Sm. 5 ; 5. A. flavipes Pz. 5 and J; 6. A. 

 gwynana K. 5 and J ; 7. A. morawitzi Ths. 5; 8. A. nitida Fourcr. J; 9. A. parvula 

 K. $> and $; 10. A. varians K. $ and <$; 11. Apis mellifica Z. tjf; 12. Bombus 

 agrorum F. 5; 13. B. terrester Z. 5; 14. Halictus minutus K. 5; 15. H. morio F. $>; 



16. H. nitidiusculus K. 5 ; 17. Nomada alternata K. $; 18. N. bifida Ths. $ ; 19. N. 

 borealis Z*//. 5 (H); 20. N. fucata Pz. J; 21. N. lineola Pz. J; 22. N. ruficornis 

 L. 5; 23. N. xanthosticta K. 5 and $, skg.; 24. Osmia rufa L. 5; 25. Podalirius 

 acervorum Z. J. B. Diptera. Syrphtdaex 26. Brachypalpus valgus Pz. 



MacLeod noted in Flanders, 2 long-tongued bees, 2 short-ton gued bees, 

 a saw-fly (Tenthredinidae), 3 Muscidae, and a beetle (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, 

 vi, 1894, pp. 181-2). 



In Dumfriesshire (Scott-Elliot, 'Flora of Dumfriesshire,' p. 41) there were 

 observed, Apis, Syrphidae, Empidae, and Muscidae. 



Burkill (* Fertilisation of Spring Flowers ') observed the following on the coast 

 of Yorkshire. A. Coleoptera. (a) Chrysomelidae: 1. Longitarsus fuscicollis Foudr. 

 (d) Colydtidae : 2. Coninomus nodifer Westw. (c ) Niiidulidae : 3. Meligethes picipes 

 Sturm., freq., skg. B. Diptera. (a) Muscidae : 4. Onesia cognata Mg., one instance, 

 skg.; 5. Lucilia cornicina F., skg. and po-dvg.; 6. Pollenia rudis F., one instance; 

 7. Scatophaga stercoraria Z., freq., skg. and po-dvg.; 8. Sepsis nigripes Mg., 

 occasional, skg. and po-dvg. (b) Empidae: 9. Empis sp., one instance, skg. (c) 

 Phoridae: 10. Phora sp. (d) Syrphidae : 1 1 . Cheilosia nebulosa Verral; 12. Eristalis 

 arbustorum Z., one instance, skg.; 13. E. pertinax Scop., freq., skg. and po-dvg.; 

 14. Melanostoma quadrimaculatum Verral, 5 and J, skg. ; 15. Syrphus lasiophthal- 

 mus Zett., skg. C. Hymenoptera. (a) Apidae: 16. Andrena clarkella K., skg.; 



17. A. gwynana K., $ and S, occasional, skg.; 18. A. nigro-aenea K. 5; 19. Apis 

 mellifica Z. 5, one instance, skg. and po-cltg. ; 20. Bombus agrorum F., one instance. 

 (b) Formicidae: 21. Formica fusca Z. (c) Ichneumonidae: 22. Ichneumon sp., skg. 

 D. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera : 23. Vanessa urticae Z., skg. E. Thysanoptera. 

 24. Thrips sp. 



II. Coptis Salisb. 



74. Coptis trifolia Salisb. This species is native to Greenland, Norway, 

 Siberia, Kamchatka, and Japan, also ranging from Alaska to Labrador. There 

 . are five white sepals veined with purple, and 6 mm. long. The five or more hood- 

 shaped orange-yellow petals are very much smaller, being only 2 mm. in length. 

 They secrete nectar, and the stamens project beyond them. Warming states that 

 this northern plant is homogamous in Greenland. He could not determine the 

 presence of nectar. The flower belongs either to C or Po. 



12. Caltha L. 



Flowers homogamous, with half-concealed nectar. The large yellow sepals 

 serve to attract insects : there are no petals. Nectar is secreted in two shallow 

 depressions, one on either side of each ovary (Fig. 10). 



