5 



ANGIOSPERMAEDICOTYLEDONES 



(Bombus hortorum Z.) sucking, and occasionally the ground humble-bee (Bombus 

 terrester L.). Hermann Miiller in the Alps saw various humble-bees sucking 

 nectar or collecting pollen, and one of them (Bombus mastrucatus Gerst.) biting 

 through the upper sepal and stealing nectar, though some individuals sucked it in 

 the legitimate way. In the same region he also noticed one of the Lepidoptera 

 (Lycaena sp.) vainly trying to get at the nectar. 



Frey-Gessner observed the following bees in Switzerland. 



i. Bombus agrorum F. 5, ty, and $; 2. B. alticola Kriechb. tjf and J; 3. B. brevi- 

 gena Ths. ( = B. mastrucatus Gersi) ; 4. B. Gerstackeri Mor. 5, jjj, and & (especially 

 foundress-queens); 5. B. hortorum L. 5 (which had deserted the nest), $J> and J; 

 6. B. mendax Gerst. one J, many tjf 5 one J ; 7. B. pratorum L. 



Dalla-Torre noticed B. alticola Kriechb. in the Tyrol, and Schletterer B. hortorum 

 Z. in the same region. 



FlG. 19. Aconilum Napellus, L. (after Herm. Mailer). A. Flower in first (male) stage. The dark- 

 coloured stamens have become erect ; their anthers have dehisced, and are coated with white pollen. 

 B. The same flower seen from the side; a, a hole bitten by Bombus mastrucatus. C. The same in 

 longitudinal section. D. Stamens and carpels in the first (male) stage : some of the anthers are mature, 

 the stigmas are still immature; a 1 , undehisced anthers with filaments bent back; a 2 , stamens that 

 are becoming erect ; 3 , stamens that are erect and covered with pollen ; a\ stamens with empty anthers 

 bending backwards ; a 5 , ditto, completely bent back. E. Stamens and carpels in the second (female) 

 sta^e : the anthers are all empty, and the stamens bent back : the stigmas are mature. (A C natural 

 size ; D and E X 2.) 



Gerstacker observed the following humble-bees at Kreuth. 



1. Bombus hortorum Z., 'frequently biting off [the flowers] at their bases, like 

 other species of humble-bee'; 2. B. Gerstackeri Mor.; 3. B. mastrucatus Gerst., $ 

 and jjf, ' biting off [the flowers] at their bases ' ; 4. Psithyrus globosus Ev . 



Alfken saw the following humble-bees at Bremen. 



1. Bombus agrorum F. ; 2. B. hortorum Z. ; 3. B. sylvarum Z. And on the 

 Schlern in the Tyrol 4. B. Gerstackeri Mor. 



MacLeod observed in the Pyrenees three humble-bees, and the humming-bird 

 hawk-moth (Macroglossa stellatarum), (* Pyrenee'nbl.,' pp. 381-2). 



In Dumfriesshire (Scott-Elliot, ' Flora of Dumfriesshire,' p. 7) a humble-bee was 

 noticed. 



