GERANIACEAE 



219 



threptus scriptus Z., do. (H. M.) ; 5. Platycheirus peltatus Mg., do. (H. M.) ; 6. 

 Rhingia rostrata Z., do. (Kn.). B. Hymenoptera. Apidae : 7. Andrena dorsata 

 K. 5, skg. (H.M.); 8. A. fulvicrus K. 4, do. (H.M.); 9. Apis mellifica Z. g, do. 

 (Kn.); 10. Halictus albipes F, do. (H. M.); 11. H. cylindricus F. $, do. (H. M.); 

 12. H. flavipes F. S, do. (H. M.) ; 13. H. longulus Sm. 5, do. (H. M.); 14. H. niti- 

 diusculus K. 5 and 5, do. (H. M.) ; 15. H. zonulus Sm. $, do. (H. M.) ; 16. Prosopis 

 communis Nyl. 5, do. (H. M.). C. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera: 17. Pieris rapae 

 Z., skg. (Kn.). 1 



Loew saw the following in the Berlin Botanic Garden. 



A. Diptera. (a) Muscidae: 1. Anthomyia sp., skg.; 

 (6) Syrphidae : 3. Eristalis nemorum Z., skg. ; 4. E. tenax Z. ; 

 B. Hymenoptera. Apidae : 6. Apis mellifica Z. $, skg. ; 7. Chelostoma nigricorne 

 Nyl. 5, do. ; 8. Coelioxys rufescens Lep. 5, do. ; 9. Halictus cylindricus F. 0", do. ; 10. 

 H. nitidiusculus K. 5, do.; 11. H. rubicundus Chr. j, do.; 12. H. sexnotatus K. 5, 

 do. ; 13. H. villosulus K. J, do. ; 14. Prosopis communis Nyl. t>, do. 



2. Lucilia caesar Z. 

 5. Syritta pipiens Z. 



Fig. 66. Geranium sylvaticum, L. (after Herm. Muller). A. Petals from different plants of the 

 large-flowered variety, natural size. At their bases are the hairs serving as a nectar-cover, which led 

 Sprengel to make his investigations. B. Petals from different plants of the small-flowered variety, 

 natural size. C. Stamens and pistil of a small female flower. D. The same parts of a large flower at 

 the end of the first (male) stage : the anthers have all shed their pollen, the stigmas are still close 

 together. E. The same in the second (female) stage. F. Sexual organs of a homogamous flower ; 

 n, nectaries ; si, stigmas. (CFx 7.) 



558. G. sylvaticum L. (Sprengel, ' Entd. Geh./ p. i ; Axell, ' Om Anordning. 

 for Fanerog. Vaxt. Befrukt./ p. 36 ; Herm. Muller, ' Alpenblumen/ pp. 174-8; Schulz, 

 'Beitrage,' I, pp. 26-7; Loew, 'Bliitenbiol. Floristik/ p. 398; Kirchner, 'Flora v. 

 Stuttgart,' pp. 335-6.) This species served as the starting-point for Christian Konrad 

 Sprengel's classical investigations. The flower mechanism agrees with that of the 

 last species ; here again self-pollination is excluded by marked protandry. Besides 

 large flowers with a diameter of about 27 mm., Lindman observed small ones with 

 a diameter of only 15 mm. Schulz states that there are smaller female flowers, 

 in which the stamens are quite short and the anthers vestigial. Among the plants 



