LEGUMINOSAE 



295 



MacLeod saw the bee Halictus flavipes F. $, in Flanders (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, 

 Ghent, vi, 1894, p. 350). 



In Dumfriesshire a humble-bee and 2 hover- flies have been recorded (Scott- 

 Elliot, 'Flora of Dumfriesshire,' p. 45). 



695. T. nigrescens Viv. 



Visitors. Schletterer noticed the following bees at Pola. 

 1. Andrena flavipes Pz. ; 2. A. lucens Imh.\ 3. A. parvula K.\ 4. Eucera 

 parvula Friese, very frequent ; 5. Halictus interruptus Pz. ; 6. H. levigatus K. 5 ; 

 7. H. variipes Mor.\ 8. Megachile argentata F. ; 9. M. muraria L. ; 10. Osmia 

 gallarum Spin. ; 11. O. tridentata Duf. et Pfr. ; 12. O. versicolor Lir. 



696. T. parviflorum Ehrh. 



Visitors. Schletterer observed the bee Halictus variipes Mor. at Pola. 



697. T. alpinum L. (Herm. Miiller, ' Alpenblumen/ pp. 240-1.) In this 

 species the expanded base of the vexillum surrounds the inner parts of the flower for 

 a length of about 10 mm., 



so that among all the 

 Alpine Hymenoptera only 

 humble-bees can reach the 

 nectar. 



Visitors. Herm. 

 Miiller observed in the 

 Alps 8 species of humble- 

 bee, nect-skg. or po-cltg. 

 (besides Bombus terrester 

 L. as a nectar-thief), and 

 4 species of Lepidoptera 

 skg. or attempting to suck. 



Loew noticed the 

 following in Switzerland 

 ('Beitrage/ p. 62). 



A. Hymenoptera. 



Apidae: 1. Bombus alti- 

 cola Kriechb. ^, skg.; 2. 

 B. mucidus Gerst. jjl, do.; 

 3. B. rajellus K. 5, do.; 4 

 Rhopalocera : 5. Lycaena sp 



Fig. 94. Trifolium alpinum, L. (after Herm. Miiller). A. Flower 

 seen from below (X3J). B. The same, after removal of the calyx and 

 vexillum ; seen from above : d, alar claw. C. Anterior part of the same 

 flower, after removal of the right ala, and depression of the carina and left 

 ala ; seen from the side, d, claw of the carina ; at, calyx ; f, vexillum ; 

 y?, alae ; scA, carina ; h, nectar-passage ; a, anthers ; 5, upper free filament ; 

 c, fused filaments ; st, stigma ; x, point where the right carinal petal is 

 connected with the right ala. 



, Halictus xanthopus K. 5, po-cltg. B. Lepidoptera. 



698. T. pallescens Schreb. (Herm. Muller, 'Alpenblumen/ pp. 244-6.) 

 As the calyx-tube in this species is only 1 mm. long, and the length up to the tip 

 of the carina only 4-5 mm., the nectar concealed in the base of the flower is 

 accessible even to short-tongued bees. The flower mechanism agrees with that of 

 T. repens. Automatic self-pollination is easily effected (see Fig. 95). 



Visitors. Loew observed a short-tongued bee (Andrena) in the Alps (' Beitrage/ 

 p. 63). Herm. Muller, besides the honey-bee and 6 species of humble-bee, also 

 saw 8 species of nect-skg. Lepidoptera. 



