LEGUMINOSAE 325 



Even in the bud the anthers dehisce, so that automatic self-pollination is 

 inevitable; it is thoroughly effective. 



Visitors. I saw 3 long-tongued bees in Schleswig-Holstein. 1. Bombus 

 agrorum F. $; 2. B. lapidarius Z. 5 and %; 3. Eucera longicornis Z. 5 and $, all skg. 

 legitimately. Sprengel records Sphinx (Deilephila) euphorbiae Z. 



Loew noticed Bombus sylvarum Z. 5, skg., in Silesia ('Beitrage,' p. 34). Heinsius 

 observed B. hortorum Z. as an invited guest, and the brimstone butterfly (Rhodocera 

 rhamni Z.) as an unbidden one ; also Bombus terrester Z., stealing nectar by per- 

 foration. Schulz, in Central Germany, also noticed flowers perforated by humble-bees. 



MacLeod saw Bombus and Eucera in Flanders (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, 

 vi, 1894, p. 361). 



In Dumfriesshire humble-bees were recorded (Scott-Elliot, ' Flora of Dumfries- 

 shire,' p. 50). 



Heinsius noticed the extra-floral nectaries to be visited by Vespa sylvestris Scop., 

 V. rufa Z., Apis, and a fly (Cleigastra sp.). 



765. V. angustifolia All. (H. von Mohl, Bot. Ztg., Leipzig, xxi, 1863, 

 p. 312; Treviranus, op. cit., xxi, 1863, p. 143; Kuhn, op. cit., xxv, 1867, p. 67; 

 Herm. Muller, 'Weit. Beob.,' II, p. 262; Knuth, 'Bl. u. Insekt. a. d. nordfr. Ins./ 

 pp. 64, 153.) This is regarded as the ancestral form of V. sativa. As early as 

 1863 Treviranus and Hugo von Mohl called attention to the underground flowers 

 and fruits of V. angustifolia (var. amphicarpos) ; about 10% of the plants (at Berlin) 

 possess subterranean cleistogamous flowers produced on runners bearing scale- 

 leaves. The mechanism of the ordinary chasmogamous flowers agrees with that 

 of V. sativa. 



Visitors. I saw Bombus cognatus Steph., skg., and B. agrorum F., do., in 

 the North Frisian Islands. Schulz, in Central Germany, noticed flowers perforated 

 by humble-bees. 



Herm. Muller observed the following. 



A. Hymenoptera. (a) Apidae: 1. Bombus agrorum F. Jjf, skg. persistently ; 

 2. B. muscorum F. jjl, skg. ; 3. B. sylvarum Z. $>, do.; 4. Saropoda rotundata Pz., do. 

 B. Lepidoptera. (a) Rhopalocera: 5. Lycaena aegon W. V., skg. (b) Sphingidae: 

 6. Ino pruni Schiff., skg. 



Alfken saw a bee, Osmia solskyi Mor. 5, at Bremen. 



766. V. narbonensis L. Treviranus (loc. cit.) says that this species pro- 

 duces subterranean fruits. 



767. V. pyrenaica Pourr. There are subterranean fruits in this species 

 (Treviranus, loc. cit.). 



Visitors. MacLeod observed 4 species of humble-bee, an Anthophora, an 

 Eucera, and a Bombylius in the Pyrenees. 



768. V. pannonica Jacq. Kirchner (' Beitrage,' p. 46) says that the mechanism 

 of the yellowish-white flowers of this species is much the same as that of V. sativa. 

 The vexillum is bright rose-red in colour, with brownish streaks as nectar-guides. 

 The carina is greenish-yellow with a brownish tip. The claw of this petal is so 

 broad that it surrounds all the other internal parts of the flower, and its lower 

 margins curve under the staminal tube, touching each other somewhere about the 



