ROSACE A E 349 



op. cit., iv, 1892, pp. 55-7 ; Knuth, ' Bl. u. Insekt. a. d. nordfr. Ins., pp. 70, 154.) 

 The bright pink fragrant flowers of this species are homogamous, and probably 

 devoid of nectar. Hermann Muller says that the upper margin of the receptacle, 

 internal to the insertion of the stamens, exhibits a thick fleshy ring, but this certainly 

 does not appear to secrete any nectar. Heinsius describes this ring as having the 

 structure of a nectary, the secretion, however, being so scanty that it is impossible to 

 include the blossoms in the class of nectar-flowers. As the stamens curve outwards 

 when the flower opens, and the petals remain tolerably erect, the ring just mentioned 

 and the stigmas which project from the middle of it afford the most convenient 

 alighting-place to insect visitors, and cross-pollination is in this way favoured. Should 

 insect-visits fail, automatic self-pollination by the fall of pollen upon the stigmas takes 

 place in all flowers, except such as happen to be quite erect. 



Visitors. I saw the honey-bee, po-cltg., in the island of Amrum. MacLeod 

 (Flanders) noticed a humble-bee, a Muscid, and 2 beetles (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, 

 Ghent, vi, 1894, pp. 308, 380). Heinsius (Holland) records 3 hover-flies (Didea 

 intermedia Loew 5, Eristalis arbustorum Z. <j>, E. hordeola Deg. $), 2 Muscids 

 (Anthomyia sp. J, Aricia vagans Fall. $), and a beetle (Cetonia metallica F. = C. 

 floricola Hbsf) (op. cit., iv, 1892, p. 57). 



Herm. Muller (H. M.) and Buddeberg (Budd.) observed the following. 



A. Coleoptera. (a) Buprestidae : 1. Anthaxia nitidula L., in the flowers 

 (Budd.). (b) Cerambycidae: 2. Stenocorus inquisitor F. (H. M.) ; 3. Strangalia 

 maculata Poda (H. M.). 4. S. nigra Z., gnawing the anthers and the delicate parts 

 of the flowers in general (H. M.). (c) Chrysomelidae : 5. Luperus flavipes L. (H. M.). 

 (d) Clertdae : 6. Trichodes alvearius F. 5 (Budd.). (e) Dermestidae : 7. Anthrenus 

 pimpinellae F., freq., po-dvg. (H. M.) ; 8. A. scrophulariae Z., do. (H. M.). (/) Mor- 

 dellidae: 9. Anaspis frontalis Z. (H. M.) ; 10. Mordella aculeata Z. (H. M.). 

 (g) Nitidulidae : 11. Meligethes, freq. (H. M.). (A) Scarabaeidae : 12. Cetonia aurata 

 Z., feeding on the stamens and stigmas, and biting large holes in the petals (H. M., 

 Budd.); 13. Oxythyrea funesta Poda, do. (H. M.); 14. Phyllopertha hordeola Z., 

 do. (H. M.). (/) Telephoridae : 15. Anthocomus fasciatus Z. (H. M.). B. Diptera. 

 Syrphidae: 16. Helophilus floreus Z., po-dvg. (H. M.); 17. Syritta pipiens Z., freq., 

 po-dvg. (H. M.). C. Hymenoptera. Apidae : 18. Andrena albicans Mull. 5 and J, 

 po-cltg. and po-dvg. (H. M.) ; 19. A. fucata Sm. 5, po-cltg. (H. M.) ; 20. Apis mellifica 

 Z. 5, do. (H. M.); 21. Halictus nitidus Schenck 5, do. (H. M.); 22. Megachile 

 circumcincta K. 5, do. (H. M.); 23. Osmia rufa Z. 5, do. (H. M.) ; 24. Prosopis 

 communis Nyl. 5 and $, freq., po-dvg. (H. M.). 



Schenck (Nassau) saw the bee Andrena labialis K. 5; Redtenbacher (Vienna) 

 the Chrysomelid Cryptocephalus duodecimpunctatus F. ; von Dalla Torre and 

 Schletterer (Tyrol) the bee Andrena propinqua Schenck 5. 



In Dumfriesshire Apis, freq., 3 humble-bees, a short-tongued bee, a ruby-wasp, 

 a Tenthredinid, 2 Muscids, and 5 hover-flies were recorded (Scott-Elliot, ' Flora of 

 Dumfriesshire,' p. 62). 



830. R. repens Scop. (= R. arvensis Huds.). The flowers of this species 

 are white, fragrant, and devoid of nectar. Kirchner describes their mechanism as 

 agreeing with that of R. canina. Kerner states the flowers are open from 4 a.m. 

 till 9 p.m., and that anthesis lasts two days. 



831. R. pimpinellifolia Z. (= R. spinosissima Z.). (Knuth, 'Bl. u. Insekt. 

 a. d. nordfr. Ins./ pp. 69-70, 154.) I have been able to study the flower mechanism 



