426 



ANGIOSPERMAEDICOTYLEDONES 



pp. 175, 344.) This species is native to the high Alps. Hermann Muller describes 

 the flowers as protogynous, but with persistent stigmas, so that automatic self- 

 pollination takes place normally and tolerably soon. Ricca says the flowers are 

 protogynous with short-lived stigmas. Kerner adds that anthesis lasts four days, 

 that the outer stamens serve for cross- and the inner ones for self-pollination, and 

 that the scale-like nectaries are cleft at the tip. (Cf. Fig. 142.) 



Visitors. Herm. Muller only observed a Chrysidid and a Pyralid. 



1002. S. Telephium L. (Herm. Muller, Fertilisation,' pp. 253-4.) The two 

 species (S. maximum Suter and S. purpureum Link) into which S. Telephium is now 

 divided possess the same flower mechanism, except that the inner stamens of S. 

 purpureum are inserted into the petals one-sixth of the way up. Hermann Muller 

 states that the anthers of the five outer stamens dehisce first, and then those of 

 the five inner ones ; and it is only when the latter have withered that the stigmatic 

 papillae develop. The stamens lie close to the widely radiating petals, so that 

 self-pollination is excluded even if some pollen remains clinging to the anthers 

 until the stigmas are mature. 



Fig. 143. Sedum Telephium, L. (after Herm. Muller . (i) Flower seen from above. (2) The same 

 after removal of the carpels, to show the five nectaries. 



The nectaries are situated as in S. acre, but their form is somewhat different : 

 in S. Telephium, they are on the tips of longish scales at the bases of the pe 

 and below the ovaries. Nectar-sucking or pollen-collecting insects that creep abo 

 on the crowded inflorescences touch the anthers and stigmas of numerous flowe 

 in succession, and since these are protandrous effect crossing: they may a 

 however, occasionally effect self-pollination in old flowers with mature stigm 

 should some pollen still cling to the anthers. 



Visitors. Herm. Muller observed the following. 



A. Diptera. Muscidae : i . Echinomyia magnicornis Zetl., skg. B. Hymen 

 ptera. (a) Apidae : 2. Bombus agrorum F. $, skg. ; 3. B. lapidarius /.. 5, po-cltg 

 4. B. sylvarum L. J and 5, in great numbers, skg. ; 5. Halictus zonulus Sm. $, skg. ; 

 6. Psithyrus campestris Pz. J, do. (/>) Tenthredinidat : 7. Allantus arcuatus Forst, 

 ( Horgstette). 



MacLeod saw Bombus terrester /,. 5, po-cltg. and skg., in the Pyrenees (Bot 

 Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, iii, 1891, p. 419). 



Alfken noticed Bombus agrorum F. $ at Bremen. 



