UMBELLIFERAE 491 



358. Archangelica Hoffm. 



1154. A. officinalis Hoffm. (= Angelica Archangelica Z.). The hermaphrodite 

 flowers of this species are markedly protandrous in the Tyrol and Central Germany 

 (Schulz, 'Beitrage,' II, p. 190); also in Greenland (Warming). In the former 

 regions the species is andromonoecious, and the secondary umbels are partly male, 

 the tertiary ones entirely so. 



Plateau observed the following insects as common visitors. 



Bees (Apis; Odynerus quadratus Pz.), a Chrysidid (Chrysis ignita Z.), and 

 Muscids (Calliphora ; Musca; Lucilia). 



359* Peucedanum L. 



1155. P. Cervaria Cusson. Schulz ('Beitrage/ II, pp. 50-1) states that this 

 species is andromonoecious, with protandrous hermaphrodite flowers ; sometimes these 

 latter preponderate, sometimes the male flowers do so. The secondary umbels may 

 bear male flowers only, hermaphrodite ones only, or both. When tertiary umbels 

 occur they are purely male. 



Visitors. Herm. Muller observed the following in Thuringia ('Fertilisation,' 

 p. 282). 



A. Coleoptera. (a) Cerambycidae : 1. Strangalia b\fasc\a.ta. Muller. (b) Chryso- 

 melidae: 2. Clythra scopolinaZ. B. Diptera. (a) Bombyliidae: 3. Anthrax maura Z. 

 (b) Muscidae : 4. Gymnosoma rotundata Z., very numerous; 5. Phasia analis F., one ; 

 6. P. crassipennis F, freq. C. Hymenoptera. (a) Apidae : 7. Andrena minutula 

 K. 5, numerous, po-cltg. ; 8. Halictus leucozonius Schr. J and $>, skg. and po-cltg. ; 

 9. H. quadricinctus F. 5, skg.; 10. Megachile lagopoda Z. 9, on one occasion, skg. 

 (b) Chrysididae: n. Hedychrum lucidulum F. J and $. (c) Sphegidae: all nect-lkg. ; 

 12. Ammophila sabulosa Z.; 13. Ceropales maculata F. 5; 14. C. variegata F. 

 <j> and S; 15. Crabro cribrarius Z. 9. and J, freq.; 16. C. vagus Z. 5; 17. Nysson 

 maculatus F. 5; 18. Pompilus viaticus Z. $; 19. Priocnemis bipunctatus F. 5; 

 20. P. obtusiventris Schjodte $>; 21. Psammophila viatica Z. $; 22. Tachysphex nitidus 

 Spin. $; 23. T. pectinipes Z. 5; 24. Tiphia femorata F., very numerous, (d) Ves- 

 pidae: 25. Polistes biglumis Z. ; 26. P. gallica Z. 



Kohl records the fossorial wasp Crabro cribrarius Z. 5 and J, freq., for the Tyrol. 

 Loew saw the following in the Berlin Botanic Garden. 



A. Diptera. (a) Muscidae : 1 . Graphomyia maculata Scop, (b) Syrphidae : 

 I*. Eristalis arbustorum Z., skg.; 3. E. nemorum Z., do.; 4. E. tenax Z., do. 

 B. Hymenoptera. (a) Apidae: 5. Prosopis sp. 5, skg. (b) Tenthredinidae: 

 6. Allantus viennensis Pz. 



1156. P. Oreoselinum Moench (=Athamanta Oreoselinum Z.). Schulz 

 ('Beitrage,' I, p. 52) describes this species as andromonoecious, with markedly 



: protandrous hermaphrodite flowers, and, as a rule, a relatively large number of male 

 ones. The primary umbels usually contain hermaphrodite flowers, rarely male ones 

 only. In the latter case secondary umbels are exclusively hermaphrodite. Tertiary 



I umbels, when present, are male. Warnstorf (Verh. bot. Ver., Berlin, xxxviii, 1896) 

 found the primary umbels to be hermaphrodite at Ruppin, while the others were 

 almost always male, their umbellules only now and then possessing a few marginal 

 hermaphrodite flowers. 



