5i6 



A NGIOSPERMAEDICOTYLEDONES 



378. Myrrhis L. 



1199. M. odorata Scop. (Herm. Miiller, ' Fertilisation,' p. 278, ' Weit. Beob./ 

 I, p. 311; Schulz, 'Beitrage,' II, p. 191.) Schulz describes this species as andro- 

 monecious, with protandrous hermaphrodite flowers. Herm. Muller says that the 

 last flowers which appear are purely male, their small petals falling oft" without ovary, 

 styles, or stigmas having developed. These flowers consequently provide pollen for 

 fertilizing the youngest hermaphrodite ones. 



Visitors. Herm. Muller (H. M.) at Lippstadt, and Borgstette (Borg.) at Teck- 

 lenburg, observed the following. 



A. Coleoptera. (a) Cerambycidae: 1. Grammoptera ruficornis F., in large 

 numbers (H. M.). (b) Chrysojnelidae : 2. Galeruca calmariensis L. (Borg.). (c) 

 Dermestidae : 3. Anthrenus scrophulariae ., in very large numbers, nect-lkg. (H. M.). 

 {d) Mordellidae: 4. Anaspis frontalis ., nect-lkg. (H. M.). 5. Mordellistena pumila 

 Cyll., occasional, nect-lkg. (H. M.). (e) Nitidulidae : 6. Epuraea sp., freq. (H. M.); 

 7. Meligethes aeneus F., occasional, nect-lkg. (H. M.). B. Diptera. (a) Bomby- 



liidae : 8. Bombylius maior 

 Z. (Borg.). (b) Empidae: 

 9. Empis punctata F., skg. 

 (H. M.) ; 10. G. stercorea 

 L., freq., skg. (H. M.); n. 

 E. tessellata F. (Borg.); 12. 

 E. vernalis Mg. S (H. M.); 

 1 3. Platypalpus candicans 

 Fall (H. M.); 14. Rham- 

 phomyia umbripennis Mg. $ 

 (H.M.). (c) Muscidae: 15. 

 Anthomyia aterrima Mg. and 

 other sps. (H. M.) ; 16. 

 Calobata cothurnata Pz.. in 

 large numbers (H. M.); 

 17. Chlorops hypostigma 

 Mg., freq. (H. M.). 18. 

 Coenosia intermedia Fall. 

 (H. M.); 19. Cordylura pu- 

 bera L. (H. M.); 20. Dryo- 

 myza flaveola F. (H. M.); 

 21. Nemopoda cylindrica F. (H. M.); 22. N. stercoraria R.-D. (H. M.); 23. 

 Piophila casei L. (H. M.) ; 24. Psila fimetaria ., in large numbers (H. M.) ; 25. 

 Scatophaga lutaria F. (H. M.) ; 26. Sepsis sps., in large numbers (H. M.). (d) 

 Syrphidae: 27. Xylota femorata L. (Borg.). (e) Tipulidae: 28. Species of Tipula 

 (H. M.). C. Hymenoptera. (a) Apidat: 29. Halictus maculatus Sm. (Borg.). 



(b) Formicidae : 30. Lasius brunneus Ltr. 5 and other species of ants (H. M.). 



(c) Ichneumonidat : 31. Several sps. (Borg.). (d) Tenthredinidae \ 32. Allantus 

 temulus Scop., nect-lkg. (H. M.) ; 33. Athalia rosae L. (H. M.) ; 34. Rhogogastera 

 viridis Z., nect-skg. (H. M.); 35. Tenthredo flavicornis F., do. (H. M.). 



The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated 

 MacLeod (Pyrenees), 4 short-tongued Hymenoptera, a beetle, and 5 flies (Bot. 

 Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, hi, 1891, p. 417). Scott-Elliot (Dumfriesshire), a saw-fly. 

 2 Empids and 6 Muscids (' Flora of Dumfriesshire,' p. 80). Loew (Berlin Botanic 

 Garden). A. Coleoptera. Scarabaeidae : 1. Cetonia aurata Z., dvg. the flowers. 

 B. Diptera. (a) Muscidae : 2. Chloria demandata F. ; 3. Lucilia caesar Z. ; 4 

 Scatophaga merdaria F. (b) Syrphidae : 5. Eristalis nemorum Z., skg. 



FIG. 167. Myrrhis odorata, Scop, (after Herm. Muller). (i) Male 

 flower, as it appears at the end of anthesis. u) Ditto, after it has 

 faded. (3) Hermaphrodite flower in the last (purely female) stage. 

 a, dehisced anthers ; a', undehisced anther ; n, nectary ; ov, ovary ; 

 P, petal ; st, stigma. 



