55 2 



A NGIOSPERMA EDICO TYL EDONES 



stocks bear large markedly protandrous hermaphrodite flowers ; others small purely 

 female ones. The latter possess stamens which present little external evidence of 

 degeneration, but their anthers do not contain a single well-developed pollen-grain 

 (Fig. 185). 



Visitors. The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities 

 stated. 



Herm. Muller (Alps), 2 beetles, 35 Diptera, 3 Hymenoptera, and a Lepi- 

 dopterid. MacLeod (Pyrenees), the hover-fly Syrphus pyrastri Z. (Bot. Jaarb. 



Dodonaea, Ghent, iii, 1891, 

 p. 347), and Schletterer 

 (Tyrol), the humble-bee 

 Bombus terrester Z. 



1272. V. saxatilis L. 

 (Schulz, ' Beitrage,' II, 

 pp. 102-3, J 93-) Schulz 

 describes this species as 

 trimonoecious to trioecious, 

 and states that the female 

 flowers are much smaller 

 than the male and herma- 

 phrodite ones. 



Visitors. Schulz ob- 

 served small and medium- 

 sized flies. 



1273. V. supina L. 



Kerner states that this 

 species is gynodioecious. 



1274. V. saliunca 



AIL As the last species. 



1275. V. tripteris L. 

 (Herm. Muller, ' Alpen- 

 blumen,' pp. 471-3.) 

 This species is dioecious 

 in the canton Graubunden ; 

 Schulz describes it as gyno- 

 dioecious and androdioe- 

 cious with protandrous 



hermaphrodite flowers in the Tyrol. Kerner states that the pseudo-hermaphrodite 

 female flowers open (as in V. dioica) 3-5 days before the male ones. Here again 

 there are small-flowered and large-flowered stocks. The latter are purely male, 

 and though besides three projecting stamens their flowers possess a style, it 

 remains within the corolla. (Fig. 186.) Massalingo says that the plants on 

 Monte Baldo are either micrandrous female, or macrandrous hermaphrodite, as in 

 V. montana (Boll. Soc. bot. ital., Firenze, 1896). 



Fig. 185. Valeriana montana, L. (after Herm. Mttller). A. Female 

 flower with small corolla. B. Large hermaphrodite flower in the first 

 (male) stage. C. Ditto, in the second (female) stage (x 7). ca, calyx; 

 n, nectary ; *', supplementary do. ; ov, ovary ; s/, stigma. 



