672 ANGIOSPERMAEDICOTYLEDONES 



Visitors. Knuth (Fohr) saw 2 hover-flies and a minute Muscid; MacLeod 

 (Flanders), a small fly (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, vi, 1894, p. 374). 



485. Hyoseris L. 



1607. H. radiata L. 



Visitors. Delpino observed the bee Megachile centuncularis Z. ('Ult. oss./ 

 p. 125). 



486. Anandria Siegesb. 



As Linnaeus had already recognized there are cleistogamous flowers in species 

 of this genus (H. von Mohl, Bot. Ztg., Leipzig, xxi, 1863). 



487. Cichorium L. 



Florets blue in colour, rarely red or white. The style is covered externally with 

 strong sweeping-hairs directed obliquely upwards and extending for some distance 

 below the cleft : inner surfaces of the branches beset with stigmatic papillae. 



1608. C. Intybus L. (Hildebrand, ' U. d. Geschlechtsverhalt. b. d. Com- 

 positen,' p. 10, Taf. I, Figs. 8-10; Herm. Mailer, 'Fertilisation,' p. 351, 'Weit. 

 Beob.,' Ill, p. 97; Loew, 'Blutenbiol. Floristik,' p. 390; Knuth, ' Bloemenbiol. 

 Bijdragen,' ' Blutenbiol. Herbstbeob.' ; Warnstorf, Verh. bot. Ver., Berlin, xxxviii, 

 1896.) In this species the heads display in the sunshine a disk about 30 mm. 

 broad, and usually blue in colour. They contain relatively few florets, but the 

 ligules are 12-14 mm< m length, though the corolla-tubes are only 3 mm. long. 

 In the second stage of anthesis the stylar branches are twisted into a spiral of 

 1-2 coils, so that the inner stigmatic surfaces come into contact with the pollen- 

 grains that remain among the sweeping-hairs, and automatic self-pollination is 

 thus effected in the absence of insect visitors. 



The capitula, according to Linnaeus, open about 5 o'clock a.m. at Upsala, 

 closing again at 10 o'clock in the forenoon; at Innsbruck, according to Kerner, 

 they only open about 6-7 a.m., and close again at 2-3 p.m. Warnstorf says 

 that they open at Neu-Ruppin between 6 and 7 a.m. The pollen-grains are 

 white in colour, polyhedral, with spinose tubercles on their edges, and their 

 average diameter is 46 /*. 



Visitors. Herm. Mflller (H. M.) and Buddeberg (Budd.) give the following list 

 for Westphalia and Nassau. 



A. Coleoptera. Tekphoridae : 1. Malachius bipustulatus Z., freq., po-dvg. 

 (H. M.). B. Diptera. (a) Conopidae: 2. Sicus ferrugineus Z., skg. (H. M.). 

 (b) Syrphidae: 3. Eristalis tenax Z., skg. and po-dvg. (H. M.); 4. Syritta pipiens 

 Z. do. (H. M.). C. Hymenoptera. Apidae : 5. Andrena fulvicrus K. 5, po-cltg. 

 (H. M.) ; 6. Apis mellifica Z. 5, freq., skg. (H. M.) ; 7. Chelostoma campanularum Z. 

 ? (Budd.); 8. Dasypoda hirtipesZ'. J, skg.(H.M.); 9. Halictus albipesZ 7 . 5, do. (H. M.) ; 

 10. H. cylindricus F. 5, do. (H. M.) ; 1 1. H. interruptus Pz. 5, do. (H. M., Thuringia) ; 

 12. H. leucozonius Schr. , do. (Budd.) ; 13. H. longulus Sm. $, do. (H. M.); 14. H. 

 nitidiusculus K. $, do. (H. M.); 15. H. quadricinctus F. J, do. (H. M.); 16. H. rubi- 

 cundus Chr. J, do. (H. M.); 17. H. smeathmanellus K. ?, do. (H. M., Bavarian 

 Oberpfalz); 18. H. tetrazonius Klg. $, do. (H. M., Bavarian Oberpfalz); 19. Osmia 

 adunca Pz. S, do. (H. M., Kitzingen) ; 20. O. spinulosa K. $, not infrequent, skg. and 



