678 ANGIOSPERMAEDICOTYLEDONES 



broad, but in dull weather it contracts to a diameter of 7 mm. As numerous 

 inflorescences are associated on a stem about a metre in height, the plant is very 

 conspicuous. The corolla-tube is 4-6 mm. and the ligule 8-12 mm. long. The 

 anther-cylinder projects 5 mm. beyond the corolla-tube, and the style 2^-3^ mm. 

 further. The stylar branches are 2 mm. long. When they diverge they often touch 

 each other, thus effecting automatic self-pollination. 



Visitors. Herm. Muller (H. M.) in Westphalia and Buddeberg (Budd.) in 

 Nassau observed the following. 



A. Diptera. (a) Empidae : 1. Empis livida Z., very numerous, skg. (Budd.). 

 (5) Syrphidac. 2. Chrysogaster viduata Z., skg. and po-dvg. (H. M.); 3. Eristalis 

 arbustorum Z., very common, do. (H. M.) ; 4. E. nemorum Z., do. (H. M.) ; 5. E. 

 sepulcralis Z., do. (H. M.); 6. E. tenax Z., do. (H. M.); 7. Melithreptus scriptus 

 Z., skg. and po-dvg. (H. M.) ; 8. M. taeniatus Mg., do. (H. M.) ; 9. Syrphus balteatus 

 Deg., do. (H. M.). B. Hymenoptera. {a) Apidae: 10. Dasypoda hirtipes F. 

 5 and S, skg. and po-cltg. (Budd.) ; n. Halictus albipes F. $, skg. (H. M.); 12. H. 

 cylindricus F. J, skg. (H. M., Budd.); 13. H. leucozonius Schr. $, skg. and po-cltg. 

 (H. M.); 14. H. longulus Sm. 5, do., $ skg. (H. M.) ; 15. H. maculatus Sm. 5, do. 

 (H. M., Budd.); 16. H. minutus K. $, do., & skg. (H.JM.) ; 17. H. nitidiusculus K. J, 

 skg. (H. M.) ; 1 8. H. quadricinctus F. S, do. (H. M.) ; 1 9. H. rubicundus Chr. J, do. 

 (H. M.); 20. H. sexnotatus K., $ skg. and po-cltg., J skg. (H. M.); 21. H. 

 smeathmanellus K. 5, do. (H. M.) ; 22. H. zonulus Sm. 5, do. (H. M.) ; 23. Heriades 

 truncorum Z. 5, po-cltg. (H. M.) ; 24. Osmia leucomelaena K. $, skg. (H. M., 

 Thuringia); 25. O. spinulosa K. $, po-cltg. (H. M., Thuringia); 26. Panurgus 

 calcaratus Scop. 5 and J, freq., skg. and po-cltg. (H. M., Budd.); 27. Dufourea 

 vulgaris Schenck, 5 freq, S scarce (H. M., Thuringia). (6) Sphegidae: 28. Crabro 

 sexcinctus F. 5 (H. M.). (c) Vespidae: 29. Vespa sylvestris Scop, ty, pushing its 

 head deep into the florets (H. M.). C. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera : 30. Pieris 

 brassicae Z., very common, skg. (H. M.) ; 31. P. rapae Z., do. (H. M.) ; 32. Epinephele 

 janira Z., skg. (H. M.). 



The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated. 



Loew (Berlin Botanic Garden), the butterfly Argynnis latonia Z., skg. the flowers. 

 Friese, 7 bees in Baden (B.), Alsace (A.), Mecklenburg (M.), and Hungary (H.) 



1. Andrena bimaculata K. (H.), 2nd gen., not infreq. ; 2. Dasypoda plumipes Pz. (A.), 

 freq. ; 3. Dufourea vulgaris Schenck (B.), not infrequent (H.) ; 4. Eriades truncorum Z. 

 (M.), freq. (H.) ; 5. Osmia villosa Schenck, not infrequent (B.) ; 6. Panurgus banksiam 

 K. (B.); 7. P. calcaratus Scop. (B.). Schenck (Nassau), 11 bees 1. Dasypc 

 plumipes Pz.; 2. Dufourea vulgaris Schenck ; 3. Eriades truncorum Z. ; 4. Halicti 

 albipes F. J; 5. H. levigatus K. J; 6. H. levis K.\ 7. H. villosulus K. (=H. punc 

 tulatus K.); 8. Macropis labiata F. ; 9. Panurgus calcaratus Scop.; 10. Stel 

 breviuscula Nyl.\ 11. S. ornatula Klug., a 5. Schletterer (Tyrol), the bee Halicti 

 albipes F. H. de Vries (Netherlands), 5 bees (Ned. Kruidk. Arch., Nijmegen, 2. Ser., 



2. Deel, 1875) 1. Bombus agrorum F. t; 2. B. terrester Z. g; 3. Halictus 

 cylindricus F. 5 ; 4. H. leucozonius Schr. S ; 5. Osmia spinulosa K. 5. MacLeod 

 (Pyrenees), a humble-bee, 2 species of Panurgus, 2 beetles, and 3 flies (Bot. Jaarb. 

 Dodonaea, Ghent, iii, 1891, p. 366). 



491. Helminthia Juss. 

 As Pieris. 



1617. H. echioides Gaertn. According to Kirchner ('Beitrage,' pp. 71-2), 

 golden-yellow heads of this species spread out in the sun to form a disk 20 mm. 



