THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 



401 



away with the necessity for painting-. 

 The bees and the bee-keeper, as well 

 as tools and hives, are sheltered from 

 the sun and storms, while the house 

 can be locked against thieves. Work 

 can be carried on, even in rainy 

 weather, while the trouble from rob- 

 bers is practically nothing-. 



SUPER FRAMES SUPPORTED ON NAILS. 



I produce extracted honey, princi- 

 pally. The frames in the supers are 

 about a foot square, and extend cross- 

 wise of the hives. They are placed 

 far enoug-h apart so that the bees draw 

 out the combs quite thick, and when I am 

 uncapping, I pare them down to about 

 1 '4 inches, leaving- them a little thicker 

 in the middle. When I first began 

 using- these frames I let the ends of the 

 top-bars rest in the rabbets of the 

 supers, but I now support them with 

 headless wire nails driven into the 

 ends of the top-bars, and find tliem 



much better to handle. (A nail factory 

 was induced to make a lot of 115 

 pounds of nails without heads for Mr. 

 Luding-ton's use. They would not 

 bother to make less than that amount, 

 and it is not likely that Mr. Ludington 

 will need to buj' an}' more in years — 

 perhaps he would sell some if anybody 

 wished to buy — Ed. Review.) 



FORETELLING SWARMING WITHOUT 



TAKING OUT THE COMBS. 



All of my queens are clipped, and 

 swarms are hived by allowing- them to 

 return to their old stands, althoug-h I 

 practice shook-swarming- to consider- 

 able extent. By the way, that hinged 

 bottom-board that can be dropped 

 down in a moment is a very valuable 

 feature of my system. The brood- 

 frames are always supplied with full 

 sheets of foundation, hence the combs 

 are smooth and straight, with few op- 



The Ludington Hives. 



These hives were taken out of doors and placed against the side of the honey-house that there 

 might be a good light for photographing thera. At the left are two supers with two combs removed. 

 At the right is a brood-nest with one comb removed, and the bottom board dropped. 



