184 THE FOREST LANDS OF FHSTLAND. 



Amongst the species of willow which grow spontaneously 

 in Finland, the seven following are those most deserving 

 of notice in a forestal point of view : 



1. The great round-leaved willow (Salix caprea L.), an 

 arborescent shrub or tree. 



2. The grey willow (S. cinerea L.), a shrub ; sometimes 

 a bush. 



3. The eared willow (S. aurita L.), a shrub. 



4. The dark broad -leaved willow (& nigricans Sm.), a shrub. 



5. The tea-leaved willow (S. phylicifolia L.), a shrub. 



6. The bay-leaved willow (S. pentandra L.), a shrub ; 

 sometimes a bush. 



7. The cracking willow (S. fragilis -L.), most frequently 

 a tree. 



With the exception of the last they are spread through- 

 out almost the whole country. Their bark is used chiefly 

 for tanning, and it is exported in considerable quantities 

 into Russia, especially from the south-eastern part of 

 Finland. S. fragilis is generally planted even to the north 

 of Finland ; but it is also met with growing wild in the 

 southern part of the country, where, however, it is not 

 indigenous, but has been introduced by cultivation. 



There are found in Finland besides these, exclusive of 

 varieties and hybrid forms, the following species, of which 

 several grow only in small clumps in Lapland : 



The almond-leaved willow (S. amygdalina L.) 



The sharp-leaved willow (S. acutifolia L. Willd.) 



The Lapland willow (S. Lapponum L.) 



The glauceus willow (S. glauca L.) 



The woolly willow (S. lanata L.) 



The stunted willow (S. depressa L. S. vagands?) 



The creeping willow (S. repens L.) 



The rosemary-leaved willow (S. rosmarinifolia L.) 



The myrtle-leaved willow (S. myrtilloides L.) 



The halbert-leaved willow (S. hastata L.) 



The whortle-leaved willow (S. myrsinites L.) 



The little tree willow (S. arbuscula L.) 



The Polar willow (S. polaris Wg.) 



