FLORA. 277 



Sections of many of these different kinds of cultivated 

 forest trees and shrubs were exhibited at Moscow, a great 

 many of them being supplied by Mr E. de Julin, proprietor 

 of the works at Fiskars, which speaks the interest taken 

 by him in the culture of trees. 



Of forest trees acclimatised in Finland, and very widely 

 dispersed, may be cited the following: the apple (Pyrus 

 malus), which in the south yields pretty good fruit, but it 

 does not succeed well to the north of 62 lat., and in 63o 

 the fruit ripens only in good years. There may be seen at 

 Uleaborg and at Tornea dwarf apple trees, but they do not 

 fruit. 



The pear (Pyrus communis) is pretty common in the 

 south of the Governments of Abo and of Nyland, but it 

 becomes rare, and ceases to fruit every year from 61 north- 

 ward. 



Two varieties of the cherry, the common cherry (Prunus 

 cerastus), and the bird cherry (P. avium), are met with, 

 the former so far north as the environs of Wasa and of 

 Kuopio, and the latter up to 61 north. 



The bullace tree, or wild plum (Prunus institia), and 

 the common plum (P. domesticd) have the same limits, 

 the former that of the cherry, the lattsr that of the gean. 



The rough and the smooth gooseberries (Ribes grossu- 

 laria and R. uva-crispa) succeed very well at Wasa and 

 Kuopio. There are cultivated also in the gardens varieties 

 of the gooseberry, of the black currant, and of the rasp. 

 As for apricots, and peaches, and grapes, they are only to 

 be had imported. 



There are found throughout Finland in great abundance 

 berry-bearing plants such as the whortleberry (Vaccinum 

 myrtillus), the cowberry (V. vitis idcea), the cranberry 

 (V. xycocus), and the cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus). 

 The dwarf crimson bramble (Rubus articus) is everywhere 

 abundant between the Arctic Circle and the 63 parallel. 

 The strawberry (Frayaria vesca) is widely diffused in the 



