246 FORESTRY IN LITHUANIA. 



between the Altstadt and the Vorstadt. To guard these 

 warehouses, there are from 20 to 30 dogs let loose at 11 

 o'clock every night. To keep the dogs within these 

 districts, and to protect passengers from harm, at the end 

 of each street leading to the main one there are high gates ; 

 no light is allowed, nor any person permitted to live on 

 this island. 



' Among the chief exports from Dantzic are masts, 

 corkwood, hemp, flax, potash, honey, wax, tallow, iron, 

 steel, copper, lead, saltpetre, tar, amber, skins, furs, wool, 

 and salt ; but corn and timber have always been, and still 

 are, the staple exports. In 1788, the following estimate 

 was made of its commerce : About 60,000 lasts of corn 

 from Poland were annually exported, amounting, at 18 

 ducats per last, to about 2,080,000 ducats. The wood, 

 masts, potash, hemp, flax, hides, linens, skins, honey, tallow, 

 wax, and tobacco, from Poland and the Ukraine, were 

 valued at nearly the same sum ; making an annual capital 

 of 6,000,000 thalers vested in commerce. The profit upon 

 this sum amounted to about 1,200,000 thalers, from which, 

 deducting 150,000 for taxes, custom-house dues, and 

 interest of money, there remained 900,000 thalers as annual 

 profit. In 1839, the total exports and imports were valued 

 at 13,236,118 thalers, or about 2,200,000. The restrictive 

 duties imposed by Russia have directed much of the 

 produce of the Ukraine and Poland into other channels.' 



From Konigsberg and Memel, Prussian ports east of 

 Dantzig, the timber exports consist largely of the produce 

 of Lithuania. 



At Konigsberg Mr Quinn obtained much information 

 from Mr Hertsel, the British Consul, who had previously 

 resided some time at Memel, and was there engaged 

 in the timber trade. Mr Quinn reports : 



' He seems to be well acquainted with the affairs of the 

 country, as connected with the lumber trade. He 

 informed me that about one-third of the forest lands 

 which supply this place and Memel belong to the Russian 



