SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 



29 



cut across one of the legs, at about the middle of the thigh, 

 will show in the middle of the cut surface the thigh-bone, 

 around it the flesh or muscle, and around this again the 

 skin. Similar cuts through various parts of both fore- and 

 hind-limbs show that these appendages of the body are solid, 







s.inl 



FIG. 7. Dissection of a Male Frog from the left side. The left fore- and hind-limbs 



and the left sides of the head and trunk have been cut away, the enteric canal 



and liver are displaced downwards, and the mouth, pharynx, and cloaca laid 



open. 

 an. anus ; 1. d. bile-duct ; b. hy. body of hyoid ; bl. urinary bladder ; bl'. its opening 



into the cloaca ; c. art. conus arteriosus ; cbhn. cerebellum ; c 1. cloaca ; en. j, 



centrum of third vertebra ; cp. ad. fat body ; c rb. h. cerebral hemisphere ; 



d. ly. s._ dorsal lymph sinus ; du. duodenum ; ef>. cor. epi-coracoid ; eus. t. 



Eustachian recess ; / < R. PA. fronto-parietal ; gl. glottis ; gul. gullet ; IL. ilium ; 



IS. ischium ; kd. kidney ; / au. left auricle ; /. Ing. left lung ; Ir. liver ; M.MCK. 



mento-meckelian bone ; n. a. /, arch of first vertebra ; olf. I. olfactory 



lobe ; opt. 1. optic lobe ; O. ST. omo-sternum ; pcd. pericardium ; PMX. pre- 



maxilla ; pn. pancreas ; p. na. internal nostril ; : pu. pubis ; ret. rectum ; r. Ing. 



right lung ; s. int. ileum ; sp. cd. spinal cord ; SPH.ETfl. sphenethmoid ; 



spl. spleen ; st. stomach ; s. ?/. sinus venosus ; tng. tongue ; ts. spermary ; ^^r. 



ureter ; ur 1 . its aperture into the cloaca ; UST. urostyle : v. ventricle ; v. ly. s. 



ventral lymph sinus ; i>o. t. vomerine teeth ; vs. sem. seminal vesicle. (From 



Parker and Haswell's Zoology.} 



containing no cavities, except the sub-cutaneous lymph- 

 sinuses previously observed. 



Summary. We thus get a notion of the general plan of 

 construction of a frog as follows. It consists of a central or 



