CONTAMINATION OF FOODS 145 



under the best of conditions in both summer and winter, 

 the coat of the animal will become dusty, and it is advisable 

 to remove this dust, as well as the loose hair, before milking. 

 This can be done by brushing the flanks and udder shortly 

 before milking time, in order that the dust thus created shall 

 have time to settle. A still better way is to wipe the udder 



Ki- :;.-. Sanitary Milk Pails 



Tlic Stadtmueller and the Truman pails are two of the most practical of the 

 many that have been devised 



with a clean, damp cloth. To avoid most completely this 

 source of contamination, the udder should be washed, and 

 the excess water removed with a clean cloth. The udder 

 is thus left damp and no dust can leave it. The latter 

 method is the one used on farms on which the highest grade 

 of milk is produced. Hipping the udder and flanks serves 

 to prevent the entrance of dust from the animal, and to 

 make the cleaning of a soiled animal much easier than if 

 the hair is long. 



The exclusion of dirt from the animal may also be at- 

 tained by the use of a small-topped milk-pail, in which the 

 opening is restricted in some way. Such pails (Fig. 35) 

 are very effective in the exclusion of dirt, and are nearly as 

 convenient to use as is the common open pail. The larger 



