17 



As aids to imparting the instruction embraced in the above subjects, the insti- 

 tute has 



1. "A farm of about 1,400 acres, with a numerous herd of cattle, a distillery, 

 brewery, and silk-raising establishment, which serve as a means of illustration ; 



2. "An agricultural botanic garden, attached to the botanic garden of the 

 university ; 



3. "A well-appointed chemical laboratory, with a sufficient number of conve- 

 nient working desks; 



4. " Collections of minerals and earths, dried plants and seeds, models of fruits,, 

 collections of insects, technical apparatus, so far as requisite for reference in the 

 lectures ; 



5. "A valuable agricultural library for the use of the students j 



6. "A reading-room where all the agricultural papers are taken; 



7. "An infirmary for sick animals, with a room for operations and necessary 

 tools ; 



8. " A rich collection of pathological preparations and objects. 



"For the ancient and modern languages, and the fine arts, the university," 

 says Mr. Flint, " offers extraordinary opportunities to those who desire them." 



This institute has eleven professors, and but 110 students, being but ten stu- 

 dents to each professor. This fact appears singular to us, and might be attrib- 

 uted to some special cause, was it not characteristic of all European agricultural 

 schools. At the still more celebrated school of Hohenheim, near Stuttgardt, in 

 Wurteniberg, there are but 161 students. At the not less celebrated one of 

 Grignon, near Paris, in France, but 75; and the English agricultural school of 

 Cirencester, at Gloucester, has proved a failure. These attendances, so meagre, 

 admonish us that the successful establishment of agricultural colleges is a diffi- 

 cult work, and that we must clearly understand the adverse influences they have 

 to encounter before we endeavor to establish our own. We shall recur to this 

 matter presently. 



II. Agricultural institutions, separate from universities, but giving linguistic 

 and mathematical instruction. An institution of this kind is brought to" our 

 notice in the excellent report of the late Dr. E. Pugh, president of the Agricul- 

 tural College of Pennsylvania. He passed six years in Europe studying its 

 agricultural schools, and the opinions of one thus qualified to advise will have 

 their weight with all. The number of professors recommended by him for an 

 industrial college of the highest character is sixteen, including the president. 

 The professorships relating to the sciences are as follows : 1, of pure chemistry ; 

 2, of agricultural chemistry and geology ; 3, of metallurgy, mining, and miner- 

 alogy, and chemical technology ; 4, of anatomy, physiology, and veterinary ; 

 5, of natural history, more particularly of zoology, comparative anatomy, and 

 entomology ; 6, of botany, horticulture, and entomology. 



To these he adds the following, relating to languages, mathematics, and the 

 practical arts of agriculture and military affairs : 



7, of pure mathematics and the higher mechanics and astronomy; 8, of civil 

 engineering and applied mathematics ; 9, of natural philosophy and astronomy, 

 mechanics and physics; 10, of English language and literature; 11, of modern 

 languages, particularly German and French; 12, of practical agriculture; 13, 

 of military art and science, and teacher of military tactics. 



To the foregoing, he says, should be added the following, though not indis- 

 pensable to a system of industrial education : 



14, of Latin and Greek languages and literature. 



Numerous as these professorships may appear to be, yet they are all essential 

 to an industrial college, and no one of the enumerated studies can properly be 

 dispensed with. On the contrary, there should be added to them meteorology 

 and physical geography, both of the land and sea, for these studies embrace the 

 all-important subjects to the farmer of the distribution of heat and moisture. 

 2 B 



