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daily. They assist from four and a half in the morning in the order of work 

 which the director gives to the different chiefs, and in the evening they assist 

 in the daily reports which are given in to the director, and in entering upon the 

 books the reports upon all the operations of the farm. The labors which they 

 perform are various. They comprise the cultivation, the care of animals, the 

 manufactories, the permanent improvements, building of roads, the care of the 

 forests, the gardens, &c. They attend, during the visits of the veterinary sur- 

 geon, in the cattle stalls ; they curry the cattle and horses; and perform various 

 operations under the directions of the heads of the various branches. Each 

 pupil is obliged to make a detailed report to the director upon the woik he per- 

 forms, and is allowed to make any suggestions he may see fit, which are accepted 

 and acted on when practicable. 



" This constitutes the practical part of their education. Two are appointed as 

 general inspectors under the orders of the director, and the duties alternate; that 

 is, a certain number has charge of one department for a certain length of time, 

 say a week or a month, and then they are assigned to another department in 

 succession ; as, for instance, four may be charged with the management of the 

 oxen, two with that of the horses, two with the pigs, two with the sheep, two 

 with the poultry, four with the silk worm establishment, forming thus a sort of 

 committee on each branch, the duty of which is to see that the proper attention 

 is paid to all the details ; as among stock, to see that it is properly fed, to note 

 the results of any changes of feed, &c. So, too, with the garden, two or more 

 are appointed ; two on woods and plantations, two to inspect the repairs and 

 improvements going on, two on the manufacture of starch, cheese, and other 

 manufactured products, two on book-keeping and accounts, &c. 



" I believe the practice is to have one of the two on each committee of two 

 years' standing, and the other a newly-entered pupil. At the end of the week 

 all are required to make a report in the presence of the whole school, when the 

 professor comments or enlarges upon the various operations going on, and gives 

 such additional information as may be suggested by the facts presented. In 

 addition to this exercise, which has the effect to train the young men in the art 

 of composition and the skilful use of language, as well as to keep them informed 

 of the working of the whole system, the professor takes the classes to see the 

 various operations of the farm, pointing out the most approved method of per- 

 forming them, &c. He lectures thus on the different practical processes of 

 farming at the seasons when they actually take place. 



" Each professor, in his own department, moreover, is expected to give his 

 instruction a practical turn, by means of short excursions, botanical, geological, 

 &c." 



2. Excursions. The excursions just referred to seem to be a part of the 

 systems of all the agricultural educational institutions of Europe. Of the school 

 at Schleissheim Mr. Flint says : 



"Excursions are also made to neighboring estates for the purpose of obser- 

 vation, the results of which are written out by the pupils. Money is sometimes 

 appropriated by the government to defray the expenses of long excursions." 



Of the institute of Weihenstephan, in Bavaria, he remarks: 



" In addition to the short and frequent botanical and other excursions in the 

 neighborhood, long excursions are made, from time to time, to various parts of 

 the kingdom, the students being accompanied on them by one or more of the 

 professors. Special subjects are assigned to some one or more of the class on 

 which to write out a detailed report. As an example, the last great excursion 

 which took place previous to my visit was made to northern Bavaria, to Niirn- 

 berg, and so round to Augsburg, to visit the wool market in that city. In the 

 former city there was, at that time, a great meeting of Bavarian farmers for the 

 discussion of agricultural topics an agricultural convention, in other words. 

 That was taken into the trip. That part of the kingdom, as well as Franconia, 



