Uniform Standard for Comparative Animal Psychology. 129 



peculiar combination of the olfactory and tactile senses 

 on the feelers of ants the "smell on contact" (odeur au 

 contact). The sense of taste has likewise been identi- 

 fied in many insects. Ants undoubtedly possess it. It 

 resides mainly in the so-called taste-buds of the tongue 

 and the maxillae. Lastly, the sense of touch is well and 

 variously developed in insects, and especially in ants, in 

 the form of setaceous touch-bodies spread over the 

 whole body, but mostly over the extremities. 



These few remarks are sufficient to show that the 

 anatomical structure and the respective physiological 

 activity of the sense organs of ants cannot be regarded 

 as homologous but only as analogous to the structure 

 and the activity of the sense organs of higher animals 

 and of man. Nevertheless we can and must state that 

 ants have sight perceptions, smell perceptions, taste per- 

 ceptions and touch perceptions in the proper, and not 

 merely in a metaphorical sense of the term. The differ- 

 ence between them and the corresponding sense percep- 

 tions of man is, it is true, mostly one of quality and not 

 of quantity. However, a sight perception of an object 

 is, and ever will be, a real and true sight perception in 

 the strictest sense of the term, whether it takes place 

 through the eye of a vertebrate or through a faceted 

 organ of sight. The notion of "sight perception" is a 

 generic term. It includes various specific notions, all 

 of which contain the characters of the generic term, not 

 only in an analogous or metaphorical, but in the real 

 and proper sense of the word. Now, one characteristic 

 element of all sight perceptions is, that the colors of an 

 exterior object act through reflected light rays upon an 

 Organ expressly adapted to their optic reception and 



