98 THE ADRENALS AND THE RESPIRATORY BLOOD-CHANGES. 



fact that arsenic, antimony, phosphorus, and ammonia act very 

 similarly, if not identically, upon the blood. He also refers 

 to the bronze pigmentation "which is almost pathognomonic 

 of chronic arsenicalism." 



The bromides were found by H. Bill to produce "a very 

 decided decrease in the amount of carbonic acid thrown off 

 from the lungs. ... On the other hand, the quantity of 

 urine was usually increased, and the coloring matters invariably 

 augmented." The blood-conditions of camphor are not referred 

 to, but Professor Wood alludes to a case in which a drachm 

 of chloral-camphor swallowed by mistake produced very severe 

 prostration, feebleness of the pulse, vomiting, fifteen coffee- 

 ground stools, etc. In carbolic-acid poisoning, according to 

 the same observer, "the liver, spleen, kidneys, and, indeed, all 

 the organs are found filled with dark, imperfectly-coagulated 

 blood, such as is habitually found after death from asphyxia." 

 The inference that the oxygen of the blood must have been 

 markedly decreased during life is worthy of note. The urine 

 is likewise bloody. Chloral was thought by Richardson 58 to 

 cause the blood to coagulate less firmly than when the latter 

 is normal. Vulpian noted that it gave rise to hsematuria when 

 injected hypodermically, this phenomenon being markedly in- 

 creased when the drug was injected into the veins. 



Chloroform was found by Harley 59 to render the blood 

 very liquid and to give a bright, arterial hue. After a time 

 crystals of oxyhaemoglobin form in it. Boettcher, 60 Schmidt, 

 and Schweiger-Seidel 61 observed that the blood-disks dimin- 

 ished in size; but these effects were noted in vitro, and are 

 therefore of no value to us. Wood refers to the very sensitive 

 test of the destruction of the red corpuscles in the body which 

 the presence of icterus affords, and states that the observation 

 of Frerichs that it does occur, though rarely after chloroform- 

 ization, is correct. In digitalis chronic poisoning ecchymosis 

 of the gastro-intestinal mucous membrane, the meaning of 



68 Richardson: Medical Times and Gazette, Sept. 4, 1870. 

 68 riarley: Proceed. Physiol. Society of London, 1865. 

 60 Boettcher: Virchow's Archiv, xxxii, 126. 



81 Schweiger-Seidel: Bericht. d. Konigl. sachs. Gesell. de Wissensch. math, 

 phys. Kl., 190, 1867. 



