266 THE ADRENAL SYSTEM AND VASOMOTOR FUNCTIONS. 



frowicz) and Joseph Collins, 8 in which experimental researches 

 on the central localization of the sympathetic system are re- 

 lated. It contains, besides a critical review of the anatomy 

 and physiology of this system, several references to the morbid 

 conditions to which we have alluded. 



After a very brief reference to the many observers who 

 have given the sympathetic system especial attention, includ- 

 ing Pourfour du Petit, Claude Bernard, Schiff, Vulpian, Dastre 

 and Morat, Luchsinger, Heidenhain, Gaskell, and Langley, 

 they outline its functions as follows: "It may safely be con- 

 cluded that it has, to a great extent, a controlling influence 

 over the secretion of most of the glands, the lacrymal, the 

 salivary, the sweat- glands, the glands of the stomach and 

 intestines, the liver, the kidney, etc.; that it presides over 

 the circulation by regulating the caliber of the blood-vessels 

 and the action of the heart; that it influences respiration; and 

 finally that all the involuntary muscles, those of the digestive 

 apparatus, of the genito-urinary system, of the hair-follicles 

 (pilomotor nerves) are under its control." 



We shall successively review each of the functions re- 

 ferred to, beginning with those that present the simplest 

 mechanism, i.e., the lacrymal, salivary, sudoriferous, and 

 mammary glands, and seek to conciliate what new features 

 our work has so far suggested with what experimental data 

 we may be able to find. Whatever physiological teachings will 

 appear weak, i.e., acknowledged to be so by physiologists, 

 we shall ascertain whether our views do not furnish some clue 

 that may prove more satisfactory to them. 



LACKYMAL GLANDS. Present knowledge as to the in- 

 nervation of glands in general, judging from a perusal of its 

 literature, is well exemplified by Matthews, who, after a careful 

 study of the question, says: "Whether secretory nerves exist 

 or whether secretion is ever a function of the gland-cell must 

 be considered at present an open question." 



To elucidate the connection between the sympathetic and 

 the lacrymal gland Onuf and Collins removed one stellate 9 



B. Onuf and Joseph Collins: Archives of Neurology and Psychopathology, 

 Nos. 1 and 2, vol. iii, 1900. 



In the cat this ganglion constitutes what in man would be the three cer- 

 vical and the first thoracic ganglia coalesced. 



