122 HOLSTEIN-FRIESIA.NS. 



"mirrors," which we cannot give in a work of this kind. (For a very 

 exhaustive exposition of the indications of escutcheons, we most heartily 

 recommend the American translation of Guenon's Milch Cows.) The 

 milk veins are remarkably developed in the best specimens, and the 

 brisket, while not so low as in some other breeds, is broad and full. The 

 skin is of medium thickness, soft and mellow to the touch, and the hair 

 short, fine and close lying. The following Scale of Points was adopted 

 August i2th, 1885, and is now in general use: 



COWS. BULLS. 



2 Head ... 2 



2 Forehead 2 



2 Face 2 



i Ears i 



2 Eyes 2 



2 Horns ... 2 



4 Neck 5 



3 . . Shoulders 4 



6 Chest 8 



2 Crops 4 



3 Back 3 



5 Barrel 6 



5 Loins and Hips 5 



4 Rump 5 



4 Thurl 4 



4 Quarters ... 5 



2 Flanks 2 



5 Legs 6 



2 Tail 2 



10 Hair and Handling 10 



10 Mammary Veins 10 



12 Udder 



8 Escutcheon 8 



Rudimentary Teats 2 



100 Perfection . . 100 



CHARACTERISTICS, USES AND ADAPTABILITY. 



The prominent characteristic of the Holstein-Friesian cow lies in 

 her wonderful milk production; and of the bull, in his power to transmit 

 superior milking qualities to his offspring. They are admittedly a 

 superior milk breed, giving a large quantity of milk, especially rich in 

 casein, and fairly good in butter content. Clothilde produced 26,021 Ibs. 

 2 ozs. of milk in one year the second largest record ever made by a cow 

 of any breed; she has also a record of 28 Ibs. 2^ ozs. of butter in seven 

 days. Recently some astonishing results have beeen obtained in the 

 butter line; a Mercedes heifer, property of Thomas B. Wales, Jr., of 

 Iowa City, Iowa, dropped her first calf February 13, 1887, and when she 

 was two years and twelve days old, commenced a seven days' test. (See 



