126 JERSEYS. 



bred in their native islands. Their importation to America dates from 

 as early as 1830, and from 1850 to the present time has been rapid and 

 systematic. 



DESCRIPTION OF THE MODERN JERSEY. 



There are four different markings or styles of color to be found 

 among registered Jerseys ; and, as tastes differ, each style is in suf- 

 ficient demand to justify the continued supply, (i) Fawn and white, 

 evenly variegated ; (2) solid fawn ; (3) brown and white ; and (4) 

 solid brown. Solid color means all one color that is, without admix- 

 ture of white. The solid browns, however, gradually deepen to almost 

 pure black at the head and lower joints of the legs, forming what are 

 termed "black points." With the solid fawns there are also darker 

 points, so that the term "solid color" may now be understood to include 

 several widely different shades of the same color. 



In all of these styles of color there is invariably a peculiar light, 

 mealy-colored ring of hair just at the edge of and encircling the nos- 

 trils generally considered the distinctive mark by which even low- 

 grade Jerseys may be recognized ; this same mark, however, in slightly 

 different shade, is frequently met with among the unimproved Texas cat- 

 tle a fact which may serve to trace some possible relation between 

 them, through the old Spanish cattle from which the Texas stock origi- 

 nally sprang. 



The head is small, close fleshed, broad at the forehead and narrow 

 between horns, with strongly dished face ; large, expressive eyes, set 

 wide apart ; thin, delicate ears, and small, crumpled, amber colored 

 horns. The neck is thin, long, fine at the head, and set into the 

 shoulders, "ewe-necked;" shoulders thin and light; forward ribs flat, 

 "fish-backed," but increasing in curvature to the loin ; hips fairly wide, 

 but rump narrow, and buttocks lean ; body deepest at the flank, pre- 

 senting the V-shaped outline of all milk breeds ; front legs short, fine 

 boned, straight and small hind legs somewhat coarser, and, in the less 

 improved animals, rather crooked. The best improved specimens have 

 been bred away from the crooked hocks of their ancestors, and can pre- 

 sent as straight and clean a pair of heels as one would wish to see. 

 The Jersey udder as a rule is not large, but its capacity is good, and the 

 escutcheon, in all its forms, is built upon a rich orange yellow skin, 

 which clearly marks the dominant characteristic of the animal but- 

 ter. The general appearance of the Jersey is that of all highly sen- 

 sitive, nervous temperaments ; and, taken in connection with its pecu- 

 liar color, furnishes a striking resemblance to the well-known South- 

 ern deer. 



The following Scale of Points was adopted May 6th, 1885, by the 

 American Jersey Cattle Club (J. J. Hemingway, of New York city, sec- 

 retary), and is now in general use : 



