ARTICULATIONS OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES. 313 



is introduced between them. On the dorsum of the foot there 

 is a transverse ligament running from one bone to the other be- 

 neath the extensor tendons ; and on the sole of the foot there 

 is an oblique ligament, which, arising from the under surface of 

 the scaphoides, is inserted into the anterior internal margin of 

 the cuboides. 



The articular surfaces of the Cuboides and Cuneiforme Ex- 

 ternum, which are in contact, besides a distinct synovial mem- 

 brane, are secured by transverse and oblique ligamentous fibres 

 going from the one bone to the other. 



5. The Articulation between the scaphoides and the three 

 cuneiform bones is secured by a dorsal and a plantar ligament. 

 The dorsal, arising from the back of the scaphoides, is divided 

 into three fasciculi, that go, respectively, to the back of each 

 cuneiform bone; of these, the internal is the strongest, and is 

 particularly well marked on the internal face of the cuneiforme 

 internum. The plantar ligaments are, also, three in number, 

 and, having a sort of common base from the under surface of 

 the scaphoides, by being divided into three fasciculi, as the 

 above, are inserted into each cuneiform bone. They are not 

 so well marked as the upper ones. 



The cuneiform bones are also connected together above and 

 below, by short transverse ligaments going from one bone to 

 the other, and holding their lateral surfaces in contact. Those 

 below are not so distinct as the upper ones, arid are blended 

 with the insertions of the tibialis posticus. 



One synovial membrane covers the articular surfaces of the 

 scaphoides and of the cuneiform bones which are in contact; 

 and it extends itself by digital processes between the first and 

 second, and the second and third cuneiforms, so as to line also 

 the articulations there. The process between the two latter is 

 much shorter than the process between the other two, which 

 extends itself into the tarso-metatarsal articulations, after the 

 same principle which is observable in the hand. 



VOL. I. 27 



