Balanced Crosses 281 



styled species which was seen for the first time 

 in the year 1889. The third example offered 

 is a hairless variety of the evening campion, 

 Lychnis vespertina, found the same year, which 

 hitherto had not been observed. 



For these three cases I have made the crosses 

 of the variety with the parent-species, and in 

 each case the hybrid was like the species, and 

 not like the variety. Nor was it intermediate. 

 Here it is proved that the older character dom- 

 inates the younger one. 



In most cases of wild, and of garden-varieties, 

 the relation between them and the parent-spe- 

 cies rests upon comparative evidence. Often 

 the variety is known to be younger, in other 

 cases it may be only of local occurrence, but 

 ordinarily the historic facts about its origin 

 have never been known or have long since been 

 forgotten. 



The easiest and most widely known varietal 

 crosses are those between varieties with white 

 flowers and the red- or blue-flowered species. 

 Here the color prevails in the hybrid over the 

 lack of pigment, and as a rule the hybrid is as 

 deeply tinted as the species itself, and cannot be 

 distinguished from it, without an investigation 

 of its hereditary qualities. Instances may be 

 cited of the white varieties of the snapdragon, 

 of the red clover, the long-spurred violet (Viola 



