APPARATUS 41 



thorough agitation with the same stroke by hand. 

 Two or three paddles are necessary, depending, of 

 course, upon the length of the tank. These can be 

 connected to a lever on top, a few vigorous strokes 

 of which, at intervals, will suffice to keep up a very 

 thorough dissemination throughout the tank." 



Fasten Pump on Side of Barrel It is much better 

 to fasten the pump on the side of the barrel rather 

 than on the end. In the latter case the pump handle 

 is too high for a man to work to best advantage, and 

 the motion of the wagon is much less likely to keep 

 the liquid sufficiently agitated to prevent the settling 

 of the poison. When the barrel is on the side it is 

 much easier to keep the liquid agitated. 



Homemade Strainer ''It is a general precaution 

 that ought to be observed in all spraying operations/' 

 writes Mr W. M. Scott, "that everything going into 

 the spray pump barrel should pass through a strainer, 

 and this is particularly necessary in the case of mix- 

 tures containing lime. A very good homemade 

 strainer may be made from a strong wooden bucket 

 by boring an auger-hole in the bottom and inserting a 

 six-inch piece of iron piping. A piece of wire gauze, 

 preferably of brass or of copper, is then tacked over 

 the top of the bucket ; a most commodious and effective 

 strainer and funnel combined is thus obtained." 



Fineness of Spray In most spraying operations 

 the object is to distribute the poison as widely and 

 evenly as possible over the surface of leaf and fruit. 

 To accomplish this a fine spray is to be desired, for 

 the finer the drops of water containing the particles 

 of poison the more general will be the distribution of 

 those particles. Consequently it is generally desirable 

 to use nozzles which break the liquid up into a fine 

 mist that will settle slowly on all parts of the tree or 

 other plant, and when evaporated will leave the fine 



